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Zabytkowe spichlerze o kopulasto sklepionym zrębie : ziemia opolska

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Kuczyński A.

Ochrona Zabytków

1972

issue 1

31-33

The work presented above was based upon materials gathered as a result of field investigations carried out to order of the Opole Rural Building Museum at Opole-Bierkowice. From within the range of monuments featuring characteristic marks of ru ra l architecture in Opole Region as those most valuable historically may, no doubt, be regarded granaries coming from the la te eighteenth and the first half of nineteenth century. Within the variety of buildings of particular interest should be listed granaries with their dome-like vaulted carcasses exhibiting the genuine genetic and constructional shapes. The te rritory in which may be encountered the objects of this kind covers the south and south-east areas of Opole Region reaching as far as to Spisz Region. This type of g ran a ry may genetically be related to buildings fitted with the dome-shaped roofings. Granaries with dome-like vaulted carcasses are constituting quite an unique type of ru ra l buildings having no their equivalents in other p a rts of Poland and therefore to rega rd them as historical monuments together with suitable measures for their protection seems to be an order of the day.

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Kuczyński A.

Ochrona Zabytków

1972

issue 4

294-295

The penitential crosses that may still be encountered in Lower Silesia as the symbols of faith, worship, habits and uses of local population have their equivalents in Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, England and France. From historical sources it follows that in the territory of Silesia from about 1301 until ca. 1500 and in some districts even as late as up to 1615 the assassins were forced by the court’s sentence to cover all ex penses connected with the victim’s funeral, furthermore, to supply the church with a definite quantity of wax, to order a funeral mass, in many instances — to undertake a pilgrimage to a place shown by church, to pay the living costs of the victim’s family including those of breeding of his progeny, to cover the costs of beer drunk during the legal suite and to erect a stone chapel or cross. On the settlement of the above duties an assassin was no more called to account, his crime committed into oblivion, the victim’s family resigned of revenge and at a stone cross an agreement was made with an assassin. Depending on local resources of raw materials the Lower Silesian penitential crosses were erected of granite, sandstone or native stones. On some of them were hammered the date, the surname and family name of a victim and even the tools of crime as, for instance, a bow, a sword, a spear or cross- bow. The above described crosses are forming quite an exceptional, also when considered on the all European scale, group of historical monuments in the territory of Lower Silesia.

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2 Ochrona Zabytków

2 Kuczyński A.

2 1972

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Zabytkowe spichlerze o kopulasto sklepionym zrębie : ziemia opolska

Krzyże pokutne jako pomniki średniowiecznego prawa