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Flexible Employment and Polish Labour Market

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EN
The paper presents an analysis of the flexibility of employment on the Polish labour market. Employment Protection Legislation indicator and the share of the employed in non-standard forms of employment in the total number of the employed were used in the analysis. In order to achieve objective assessments the analysed indicators in Poland and other EU countries were compared.
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Extending Professional life and Polish Labour Market

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EN
The employment rate of persons in older age groups in Poland is far lower than in European Union, and - additionally - has been decreasing significantly during recent years. Moreover, average level of exit age from the labour force in Poland is also lower than in the European Union. Negative economic and social consequences of the aging of the population (including labour force) need actions for the increase of the employment of elderly persons, i.e. extending their vocational activity period. The analysis presents actions for the extension of vocational life that were already undertaken in Poland, and indicates areas where the actions were not undertaken at all, or delayed.
EN
The analysis is the voice in a debate on the desired shape of state policy on Polish labour market. It was developed on the basis of the text of expert analysis carried out on commission of the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy in August 2007. Theses on the reform of labour market policy are based on an assumption that its main objective should be the growth of employment through the creation of conditions facilitating the development and maintenance of a greater number of better jobs. Attention is drawn, among many, to the necessity to: pass from labour market policy to employment policy; change the approach of the state to the labour market and develop new strategy, which is commonly known as workfare state; further deregulation of the labour market; maintaining balance in flexicurity, and restructuring active labour market policy (ALMP). Moreover, the issue of the improvement of the functioning of public employment services was also addressed.
EN
The last census confirms that the wide understood problems of work are still important in the Polish society. It is still workers' society, and work took a new meaning despite smaller number of persons who 'make a living from work'. On one hand work became more desirable and difficult to access. On the other it has now new and more attractive glitters. First of all it is a result of high level of unemployment for a longer time and what is particularly essential it concerns more and more often persons with adequate qualifications and graduates of higher levels of education. At the same time, new jobs with high wages, career prospects and other bonuses emerged. Thus workaholism, known in richer countries, develops rapidly in Poland. Under the pressure of economic situation and employers the process of labor market deregulation proceeds as well as the new forms of employment develop. Under influence of deregulation labor market becomes more flexible and its new diversification follows. The level of safety of work and certainty of employment drops quickly. These, among others, processes caused new segmentation of work in many dimensions. Private sector, internally very diversified, is the predominant segment. It is a universal phenomenon. Important and interesting questions and dilemmas arise. The first one concerns work prospects under globalization and technological shocks, simultaneously with cheap labor force supply. The second one concerns choices in postindustrial or postmodern societies between unemployment civilization and work sharing. The third one is a dilemma of leveling opportunities and attractiveness between traditional employment status and flexible labor market. The next question concerns professionals with high qualifications. What should and can be the work offer for them. Maybe they need new version of participation with higher chances for self-actualization. The last and especially important question concerns the possibilities of limiting the impact of two types of enslavement or subordination: pressures caused by unemployment and by overwhelming consumptionism.
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