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Židovská emigrace z druhé republiky (říjen 1938 – březen 1939)

100%
Benda J.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
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2013
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vol. 21
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issue 2
163-183
EN
The emigration of Jews from the Czechoslovak Republic and from other countries facing immediate danger on the part of Nazi Germany was increasingly difficult as most of the European countries restricted their immigration. The situation aggravated even more after the Munich Agreement signed in 1938 due to the quantitative increase of potential émigrés. With the occupation of Bohemia and Moravia and the creation of the Protectorate in March 1939 the internal and external conditions of emigration for Jews worsened dramatically.
2
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Okupace pohraničí a nucená imigrace v letech 1938-1939

100%
Benda J.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2012
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vol. 110
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issue 2
329-347
EN
This study draws attention to methodological problems conntected to the study of emigration of the Czech, German and Jewish population from the ceded Czech-Moravian-Silesian border regions of Bohemia and Moravia shortly before the outbreak of World War II. When studying this topic, it is not possible to reduce the population that migrated to a mere group of so-called refugees because a large number of migrants who were fleeing their homes, also comprised civil servants on active service. The study further evaluates the results of earlier historical research. It expands earlier knowledge by the inclusion of newly acquired facts from the archival materials of the Ministry of Interior kept in the National Archives in Prague. Their analysis made it possible to fill in the missing elements of contemporary knowledge on the structure and quantity of refugee streams in the territory of the Second Czechoslovak Republic. Archival documents show that the forced desertion of homes in the border regions affected more than 370 000 inhabitants of all nationalities, the majority of whom were Czech nationals. The movement of inhabitants was not a one-way process. In connection with an expected plebiscite, the holding of which was envisaged by the Munich Agreement, refugees were returning. The inhabitants of the border regions were urged not to move into the Republic. Thereby the Ministerial Council wanted to prevent the flight of citizens from disputed territories and potentially the loss of further territories. Reasons which the refugees stated in questionnaires they completed, were later used to map their motives for deserting their own homes. The analysis showed that economic reasons predominated with the Czechs, whereas the Germans were primarily fleeing for political reasons. Yet, the roots of the flight might have been concealed even in these reasons and the historical reality in this sense could have been multifaceted.
3
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Differences in self-compassion and shame in patients with anxiety disorders, patients with depressive disorders and healthy controls

51%
Benda J., Kadlečík P., Loskotová M.
Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)
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2018
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vol. 62
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issue 6
529-541
EN
Objectives. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of self-compassion, shameproneness and internalized shame in samples of patients with anxiety/depressive disorders and in healthy controls. Participants and setting. Patients with anxiety disorders (N1 = 58), depressive disorders (N2 = 57) and healthy controls (N0 = 180) were administered scales measuring self-compassion, shame-proneness, internalized shame, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Hypotheses. It was hypothesized that: 1) both clinical samples would demonstrate a lower level of self-compassion and a higher level of shame-proneness and internalized shame than the healthy controls; 2) there will be no significant differences between the anxiety and the depressed sample in study variables; 3) selfcompassion would be correlated with shameproneness and internalized shame in all samples; 4) self-compassion, shame-proneness and internalized shame would correlate with the severity of anxiety/depression among patients with anxiety/ depressive disorders. Statistical analysis. Data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software, Version 23. Differences between samples were tested using Chi-square tests, one-way ANOVA and one-way MANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests. Associations between study variables were further determined by using correlation analysis and regression analyses. Results. Both anxiety/depressed patients were found to have significantly lower self-compassion and significantly higher shame-proneness and internalized shame than healthy controls. There were no significant differences between the anxiety and the depressed sample in study variables. All correlations were in the expected directions. Study limitations. The main limitations of this study are possible volunteer bias in healthy controls and conceptual overlap between measured constructs of self-compassion and shame.
CS
Cíle. Cílem studie bylo porovnat úrovně soucitu se sebou, tendence k prožívání studu a internalizovaného studu u vzorků pacientů s úzkostnými/ depresivními poruchami a u vzorku zdravých kontrol. Soubor a procedura. Pacientům s úzkostnými poruchami (N1=58), depresivními poruchami (N2 = 57) a zdravým kontrolám (N3=180) byly administrovány škály měřící soucit se sebou, tendence k prožívání studu, internalizovaný stud, úzkost a depresivní symptomy. Hypotézy. Autoři předpokládali, že: 1) oba klinické vzorky budou vykazovat nižší míru soucitu se sebou a vyšší míru tendence k prožívání studu a internalizovaného studu než zdravé kontroly; 2) mezi vzorkem úzkostných a vzorkem depresivních nebude ve sledovaných proměnných významný rozdíl; 3) soucit se sebou bude u všech vzorků korelovat s tendencí k prožívání studu a s internalizovaným studem; 4) soucit se sebou, tendence k prožívání studu a internalizovaný stud budou u pacientů s úzkostnými/depresivními poruchami korelovat se závažností úzkosti/deprese. Statistická analýza. Data byla analyzována s využitím programu IBM SPSS Statistics, verze 23. Rozdíly mezi vzorky byly testovány pomocí testů chí kvadrát, jednocestná ANOVA a jednocestná MANOVA s Bonferroniho post-hoc testy. Vztahy mezi jednotlivými proměnnými studie byly dále prověřeny provedením korelačních a regresních analýz. Výsledky. U pacientů s úzkostnými i depresivními poruchami byla zjištěna signifikantně nižší míra soucitu se sebou a signifikantně vyšší míra tendence k prožívání studu a internalizovaného studu než u zdravých kontrol. Mezi vzorkem úzkostných a vzorkem depresivních nebyl ve sledovaných proměnných významný rozdíl. Všechny korelace byly v předpokládaném směru. Omezení studie. Hlavními omezeními studie jsou možné zkreslení způsobené účastí dobrovolníků u zdravých kontrol a pojmový překryv mezi měřenými konstrukty – soucitem se sebou a studem.
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