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AMBIGUOUS HERITAGE: ‘PLASTER SAINTS’, CAST-IRON CHRISTS AND OTHER MOULD-MADE CATHOLIC SCULPTURES FROM THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH AND THE EARLY 20TH CENTURIES

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Lubos-Kozieł J.

Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo

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2019

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vol. 7

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issue 2

77 – 94

EN

This paper deals with the phenomenon of mould-made religious sculptures, which were bourgeoning in Catholic milieus in the second half of the 19th and the early 20th centuries. The reported observations are based on research into artistic production in Catholic, or partly Catholic, German areas (such as Bavaria, Rhineland, Silesia) and the Habsburg Monarchy. The study makes use of publicity sources (advertisements, catalogues and price lists) and technological publications, as well as opinions of Catholic art critics and art theoreticians of the period. Extant mould-made Catholic sculptures represent an ambiguous heritage. They are generally assumed to be mass-produced, clichéd artefacts, and not usually considered to be works of art. Nonetheless, as relics of a bygone epoch that spanned over a century, they do deserve protection and preservation, or at least documentary work and research.

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Współczesny pomnik religijny: Kolumna Chrystusa Króla Wszechświata na Ostrowie Tumskim.

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Lubos-Kozieł J.

Quart. Kwartalnik Instytutu Historii Sztuki Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego

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2009

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issue 4(14)

19-29

EN

The article presents the analysis of the Column of Christ, King of the Universe erected on Ostrów Tumski in 2000 to celebrate the millennium of the diocese in Wrocław. It maintains exceptionally traditional and conservative forms. It has been based on models originating in old art which have been followed in a direct, almost mechanical way. The concept of a column monument derives from the commonly known in Poland King Sigismund’s Column in Warsaw, while the figure of Christ the King is a faithful copy of a wooden sculpture from the turn of the 19th century, located in St. Maurice Church in Wrocław. Despite its not creative, lacking any artistic invention, hanging onto the chosen patterns, the authors of the Wrocław monument have made numerous mistakes and showed awkwardness. What strikes in the column is naiveness and simplification in forming details for example. The material also jars: black and red polished granite, which the cylinder, the base and the beam are made of. As an unquestionable failure comes the usage of stone blocks and slabs of small sizes to raise the column that must have been attached in many spots. Along with the poor level of performance it brought pitiful results. Not adapt- ing the height of the copied figure of Christ to the high level of exposing it is also doubt arousing. It is difficult to regard the Wrocław Millennium Column as a successful work. It is not convincing artistically, nor meaningful; it does not even bear the traces of craftsmen’s well-made job.

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Z najnowszych badań nad krasnoludkami Rüdiger Helmboldt, Bunte Zwerge aus Thüringen. Ein Beitrag zur Kulturgeschichte der (Garten)Zwerge, Thüringer Freilichtmuseum Hohenfelden, Hohenfelden 2009.

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Lubos-Kozieł J.

Quart. Kwartalnik Instytutu Historii Sztuki Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego

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2010

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issue 1(15)

63-67

EN

Rüdiger Helmboldt’s book on the activity of ceramic workshops in Turingen producing clay garden gnomes comes as the first so extended scientific study of the title issue. The manufactures of Turingen, gathered in the area of Gräfenrode, Ilmenau, Waltershausen and their surroundings, were the most important centre of garden gnomes production on the German lands. The author refers to many written records and iconographical sources, e.g. press advertisement, illustrated company catalogues, commercial correspondence, archival photographs of workshops, while writing about the history of the gnomes from Turingen. The reproducing of these often fascinating archival materials, together with many contemporary photographs of the gnomes’ figurines constitute rich illustration material. Thanks to this Helmboldt’s book is both a scientific elaboration with splendid exemplification and a publication attractive for a wide audience.

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2 Quart. Kwartalnik Instytutu Historii Sztuki Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego

1 Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo

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3 Lubos-Kozieł J.

AMBIGUOUS HERITAGE: ‘PLASTER SAINTS’, CAST-IRON CHRISTS AND OTHER MOULD-MADE CATHOLIC SCULPTURES FROM THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH AND THE EARLY 20TH CENTURIES

Współczesny pomnik religijny: Kolumna Chrystusa Króla Wszechświata na Ostrowie Tumskim.

Z najnowszych badań nad krasnoludkami Rüdiger Helmboldt, Bunte Zwerge aus Thüringen. Ein Beitrag zur Kulturgeschichte der (Garten)Zwerge, Thüringer Freilichtmuseum Hohenfelden, Hohenfelden 2009.