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EN
The article deals with a relatively new issue of the responsibility of the head of the responsible executive or an organisational unit of it for the breach of the obligation to submit a request for an inquiry. This issue became particularly interesting after the entry into force of the Act on Financial Liability of Public Officers for Gross Violations of Law, due to its introduction into the Polish legal system, a special legal regulation which is the basis for prosecution in this field. The author presents the relationship between the breach of the duty of an administrative obligation and criminal liability of persons obliged to submit a request for an inquiry into the rights of recourse in the case of payment of compensation by the State, unit of local government or other legal entity. The author analyses the problems indicated above, not only from the standpoint of the validity of the adoption of specific dogmatic solutions, but also in terms of their compliance with the rules of the criminal legislation.
EN
The article is an attempt to reconstruct the current model of criminalisation of a breach of the regulation of economic activity in the financial market in Poland. The analysis will concern a model constructed in the descriptive perspective, contrasted in the theory of law to models constructed in the normative perspective. The subject of the analysis will be the description of  criminal behaviours with regard business activities undertaken in the financial market. The analysis seeks to answer questions about the limits and scope of criminalisation of unlawful establishment in the financial market, the legislative techniques typically used in criminal legislation and relevant punishment models.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest próba rekonstrukcji aktualnego ustawowego modelu kryminalizacji naruszenia reglamentacji w zakresie podejmowania działalności w ramach polskiego rynku finansowego. Chodzi o model konstruowany w perspektywie deskryptywnej jako model „odwzorowanie”, przeciwstawiany w teorii prawa kategorii modelu „wzoru”, właściwego dla modeli konstruowanych w perspektywie normatywnej. Analizie poddane zostaną wyłącznie te regulacje karne rynku finansowego, które dotyczą reglamentacji podejmowania działalności w tym obszarze. W konsekwencji bezpośredni przedmiot rozważań stanowić będą przepisy zawarte w ustawach regulujących funkcjonowanie sektorów bankowego, kapitałowego, ubezpieczeniowego i emerytalnego. Przeprowadzona analiza ma na celu udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytania o granice i zakres kryminalizacji bezprawnego podejmowania działalności na rynku finansowym, typowość stosowanych technik ustawodawstwa karnego oraz modelu karania w tym zakresie.
EN
The purpose of the article is to present solutions in Polish criminal fiscal law aimed at protecting the mandatory use of the split payment mechanism. The analysis is preceded by a brief overview of instruments aimed at counteracting tax fraud as well as the effects of tax fraud. The main element of the article are considerations regarding article 57c of the Criminal Fiscal Code penalising making payments without using the split payment mechanism.
EN
The study examines the present model of penalty sanctions for crimes against eco­nomic circulation defined in chapter XXXVI of the Criminal Code. It also presents insti­tutions allowing to toughen or mitigate the repression in that field. In the given norma­tive context, the judicial system in cases of crimes against economic circulation (Chap­ter XXXVI Criminal Code) in the years 2010–2015 was analyzed.
EN
The aim of the article is to analyze convictions of adults for economic crimes in the Commercial Companies Code. The analysis concerns both the structure of convictions and their dynamics in the field of convictions in general, as well as the structure of punishments for crimes. An attempt is also made to explain the trends in this area.
EN
The article concerns the criminalization of unlawful activity related to trading of financial instruments. The given problem is analyzed on the background of existing forms of protection of the capital market. The paper presents also a wide analysis of the object of criminal protection and also of punishable behaviors of the offender and illegal activity related to trading of financial instruments.
EN
The article attempts to answer the question whether in the current legal state theactivity of shadow banking in Poland is subject to criminalization. The limits and scope of criminalization of entities of this element of the fi nancial market is also presented. The reflections are supplemented by a review of the defi nition of parallel banking, and also discussed the economic crimes that can be traced back to parallel banking activities.
EN
The article presents the issue of executing the penal measure ofprohibition of holding certain positions in relation to the legal consequences of a conviction in the form of a ban on performing functions in a commercial company. The object of study is to present similarities and differences between the two institutions. Consequently, the subject of analysis are issues concerning the initial moments of the two institutions, as well as the circumstances affecting their duration.
EN
The subject of the article is the presentation of the genesis of criminalisation of capital fraud in the Polish Criminal Code. Further edits of the projects of this crime in the drafts of the current Criminal Code are also analysed, as well as the scope of criminalisation and the problem of repression of capital fraud in Polish criminal law. In addition, solutions proposed to criminalise capital fraud in neighbouring countries are presented. These analyses provide the basis for reporting significant legislative changes.
EN
The subject of the article is the analysis of criminal laws criminalizing insurance intermediation in Poland. This is an issue that falls under the dogmatic considerations of criminal economic law in the aspect of protecting the statics of economic turnover, i.e. its basic structures and institutions. The evolution of the criminalization of this sector of the insurance market, the genesis of current criminal law regulations as well as critical remarks to the latest penal provisions of the Insurance Distribution Act will be presented. The analyzes will be the basis for presenting de lege lata’s comments and the de lege ferenda proposal.
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