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Transhumanizm a kognitywistyka

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POCZOBUT R.
Ethos. Kwartalnik Instytutu Jana Pawła II KUL
|
2015
|
vol. 28
|
issue 3 (111)
EN
Works endorsing transhumanist ideas often appeal to various scientific disciplines, including cognitive science. A key transhumanist concept, that of cognitive enhancement, is closely linked with research conducted in such fields of cognitive science as artificial intelligence, cognitive robotics and the evolution of cognitive systems. This provokes the following questions: Do the research results of cognitive science really support the transhumanist vision of the future of mankind? What methodological differences and similarities are there between transhumanism and cognitive science? Is the conception of mind (cognition, intelligence) emerging from contemporary research in cognitive science compatible with the notion of mind adopted by the transhumanists? This paper provides answers to these questions. In the first part, I present the main transhumanist ideas associated with research in cognitive science. In the second, I discuss the main currents (paradigms) of research in cognitive science, focusing on the problems that have to do with transhumanism.
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza wybranych problemów dotyczących relacji między transhumanizmem a współczesną kognitywistyką. W części pierwszej omawiam główne założenia transhumanizmu ze szczególnym podkreśleniem zakładanej na jego gruncie koncepcji umysłu, a także związków transhumanizmu z nauką, fantastyką naukową, utopią i religią. W części drugiej pokazuję, na czym polegają różnice metodologiczne między kognitywistyką a transhumanizmem. Udzielam również odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy koncepcja umysłu przyjmowana przez transhumanistów jest zgodna w wynikami badań prowadzonych w kognitywistyce.
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Paradoksy w wyjaśnianiu świadomości

100%
POCZOBUT R.
Ethos. Kwartalnik Instytutu Jana Pawła II KUL
|
2013
|
vol. 26
|
issue 1 (101)
EN
There is a widely held and deeply rooted conviction that consciousness is something mysterious and paradoxical. Yet despite this belief interdisciplinary research is conducted nowadays with the objective to explain the origin, structure and function of consciousness. Throughout the process, the following questions arise: Are mysterians right in claiming that consciousness will always remain outside the explanatory capabilities of science? Or should we rather put faith in the assertions of the scientists and philosophers who hold that the puzzle of consciousness will soon be solved and the paradoxes related to it rendered merely ostensible? In the present article, I scrutinize some theoretical diffi culties engendered by four different projects developed with the goal to explain consciousness. The fi rst one seeks neural correlates of consciousness, the second stresses the need to construct a causal explanation; the third postulates that onsciousness should be explained by means of the fundamental mental and physical laws, and the fourth refers to the mechanistic model of explanation accepted within neurocognitivism. Translated by Dorota Chabrajska
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