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EN
The aim of the article is to review the findings of research into patterns of word associations in both first and second language and discuss its relevance for the understanding of L2 lexical processes. Word association studies have been used widely in areas such as psychology and first language acquisition and have resulted in detailed descriptions of word association behaviour of speakers at different ages and stages of language development. As far as research into L2 word associations is concerned, it concentrated predominantly on the differences between native and non-native association patterns, types of links between words in the L2 mental lexicon as well as the influence of general language proficiency on word association behaviour.
EN
This article is a report on the development of an online assessment instrument, namely a test of English as a foreign language intended for the participants of the Youngster project in Poland. The project has been launched with a view to providing free English education for learners in rural areas. One of the requirements of the project is the provision of effective assessment procedures, regularly conducted at three different points in time - the beginning of the school year, the end of the first semester, and the end of the school year. The purpose of the study was therefore to develop an instrument which could serve both placement and progress functions within the project. This article describes the activities performed prior to the test’s operational administration, and focuses primarily on the development of multiple-choice items.
PL
Tworzenie testu z języka angielskiego dla uczestników programu Youngster w Polsce Artykuł opisuje proces tworzenia testu z języka angielskiego jako obcego, przeprowadzanego za pośrednictwem internetu, przeznaczonego dla uczestników programu Youngster w Polsce. Program powstał z myślą o zapewnieniu bezpłatnej nauki języka angielskiego dla nastoletnich uczniów zamieszkujących tereny wiejskie. Jednym z wymogów programu jest zagwarantowanie skutecznych metod i instrumentów oceniania, regularnie wykorzystywanych przez nauczycieli na trzech różnych etapach nauki – na początku roku szkolnego, na końcu pierwszego semestru i na końcu roku szkolnego. Celem badania opisanego w niniejszym artykule było opracowanie testu, który mógłby pełnić nie tylko funkcje plasujące, ale także służyć skutecznej ocenie postępów uczniów biorących udział w programie. Artykuł omawia procedury związane z testowaniem próbnym, wykonanym w celu przeprowadzenia analizy jakości poszczególnych zadań, i koncentruje się przede wszystkim na tworzeniu zadań typu wybór wielokrotny.
DE
Der Band enthält die Abstracts ausschließlich in englischer Sprache.
EN
The way reading literacy is conceptualised has changed over the last decades. Regarding comprehension as deep processing, in which skimming or scanning neither encourage the reader to engage in texts nor lead to the expected levels of understanding has influenced the way reading literacy is taught and assessed. The aim of the article is to analyse new task types introduced to the external exams as well as to provide evidence that the changes in the exam format reflect the way reading comprehension skills have recently been conceptualised. The analysis of the exam tasks is preceded by an overview of the recent trends in conceptualising L2 reading literacy.
FR
L'article contient uniquement les résumés en anglais.
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