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Jan Pazdur – historyk dawnego przemysłu Starachowic

100%
Wójcik Z.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
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2016
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vol. 25
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issue 2(49)
197-208
EN
Jan Pazdur lived in the years 1909-2000. He graduated from the history department of the Jagiellonian University, and in 1948 gained a doctorate there. He worked as a teacher in secondary schools in Kielce from 1932 to 1951, with a break in his work during the 2nd World War, when he was imprisoned in the German concentration camp in Sahsenchausen (1940-1945). From 1954, he was employed in the Institute of Material Culture of the Polish Academy of Sciences. In his work he concentrated mainly on the history of metallurgical-mining industry of Central Poland, researched old technical press, and particularly pursued studies on the creation of methodological basis of a new at that time scientific trend – history of material culture. Results of his own work, together with studies of his associates were announced in printed publications in Poland and abroad. He edited a series Studia z Dziejów Górnictwa i Hutnictwa (Studies in the History of Mining and Metallurgy) – 14 volumes in 1957-1970 – that became a worldwide sensation. Pazdur was an author of numerous books and articles, dealing to a large extent with the history of industry of so-called Old Polish district (region covering Sandomierz, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Kielce, Starachowice, Końskie and Olkusz). He was especially interested in development of the Kamienna valey, where in the 19th century an idea of continuous ironworks (by Stanisław Staszic, Ksawery Drucki-Lubecki, Polish Bank) was realised: at the top of the valley were mines producing pig iron, in the middle – puddling workshop, etc., and at the bottom – factories producing agricultural tools and weapons for the military. The centre of this plant was located in Starachowice, where to this day is kept an open-hearth furnace, probably the last one in Europe. That astute archive researcher and country analyst much of his attention devoted to inventorying industrial monuments that were deteriorating in Poland. He edited and published catalogues of those monuments, was co-author of the joint publication Historia kultury materialnej Polski w zarysie (An outline of the history of material culture of Poland) – 4 volumes in 1978-1979. Pazdur was the sole author of a monograph (1968) Starachowice - osiedle i zakłady do 1939 r. (Starachowice – estate and factories until 1939), which is a canon of literature of this kind. It gives a view of construction and functioning of the metallurgic continuous plant in the first half of the 19th century, and also of adaptation of its fragments during mid-war period into the Central Industrial District. Being aware of efforts to preserve industrial patrimony (especially in France), Pazdur, together with i.a. Danuta Molenda, mining history specialist, endeavoured to set up a museum protecting monuments in place where they had been established and functioned. That is how an idea of ecomuseum of industrialised area of Old Poland Kamienna valley came into being. The antique furnace in Starachowice, together with all the accompanying objects, are today a museum named after Pazdur. It is as an example of dissemination of knowledge about Old Poland mining-metallurgical industry and technology development.
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Doc. dr Krzysztof Jakubowski (1937–2011). Muzealnik

100%
Wójcik Z.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
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2016
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vol. 25
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issue 1(48)
91-107
EN
Geologist, a graduate of the Warsaw University, and in the years 1974-2009 Director of the Museum of the Earth of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. He was the author of over 250 works in geology, protection of inanimate nature, history of geology and museology. Well-known for his activity in national and international museological organisations, as well as for his work in the history of science. The Museum of the Earth existing in Warsaw since 1932 is a scientifi c-educational institution of geological and nationwide character. It looks after specialised departments of regional (provincial) museums. In recent years, the Museum specialises mainly in research on ambers and its exhibitions (permanent and temporary) have been organised in many countries. The article presents an outline of academic biography of the Museum’s Director, substantiated with a selection of most important publications. It was stressed that due to certain circumstances he quite early dropped his fi eld studies. At that time he became actively involved in the protection of nature (especially the protection of erratic blocks of Scandinavian origin) and published a book Zabytki skalne in this subject, as well as several brochures. Simultaneously, he dealt with the history of geology, using the archives of the collection of the Museum of the Earth. The article aims at presenting a profi le of the Museum of the Earth: of educationalrescue character vs. scientifi c-educational one. Jakubowski preferred the fi rst model. Especially in his last articles he stressed that mostly natural museums exhibiting authentic objects to the visitors are exponents of an idea of “knowledge authentication”.
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Polsko-czechosłowackie powiązania w działalności Walerego Goetla (1889–1972)

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Wójcik Z.
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
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2015
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issue 1(8)
178-191
EN
The text presents the fi gure of Walery Goetel, who in the fi rst half of the twentieth century and at the beginning of the second half of this century worked hard to protect the geological and natural values of the Tatra Mountains. Through his research activities, the scientist fostered Polish-Czechoslovak cooperation, an easy task particularly in the interwar period. Notwithstanding a diffi cult geopolitical situation, together with researchers from the Czech Republic and Slovakia, Walery Goetel attempted to establish a national park for the whole Tatras. It was intended that researchers would carry out their studies within the park, and its natural assets would be enjoyed by both Polish and Czechoslovak tourists. Even after the annexation of Zaolzie by Poland in 1938, Walery Goetel looked for every opportunity to work with Czechoslovak scholars, criticising the policy of his own government towards the southern neighbour. The Polish geologist’s commitment resulted in the establishment of landscape parks at the Polish-Czechoslovakian borderline after the Second World War.
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Hipiczna infrastruktura byłych Prus Wschodnich

100%
Wójcik Z.
Komunikaty Mazursko-Warmińskie
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2014
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issue 3(285)
327-335
EN
n the late nineteenth century there was marked an increase of interest in physical culture in East Prussia. Activists organized sports associations and debated on the preparation of base that was necessary to achieve their aims. Horsemanship sport on the European continent was started in the military circles, and therefore the first manege sites were launched next to cavalry units and then horse-riding schools. In this current the Stud Trakehnen (in Trakeny) was a well-functioned one and played an important part, there were bred and prepared horses for the army. However, from the beginning of the new century equestrian tournaments have already started to gain popularity. There were also created horse racing tracks for organization of horse riding races. There were becoming more popular services of saddlers and wheelwrights at craft guilds. The dynamic process of development was interrupted by the World War I but soon afterwards an impressive racecourse started to be constructed in Insterburgu (1919). The victory of Prince Sigismund in the historical Comprehensive Saddle Horse Competition (1927) and the world record of a shot up from the Military Sports Club „Hindenburg” Emil Hirschfeld justified the need for further investment. It is no coincidence that there also was at competitions in Prussia the propaganda and enlightenment minister, Joseph Goebbels. A great impact on the development of equestrian facilities had a well-known at the time specialist in equestrianism and higher equerry, Gustav Rau.
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Rekreacja konna w placówkach oświatowych województwa olsztyńskiego (1945-1989)

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Wójcik Z.
Komunikaty Mazursko-Warmińskie
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2018
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issue 2(300)
276-287
EN
Equestrian movement in Olsztyn Voivodeship, in times of the People’s Republic of Poland, developed quite dynamically. The coauthors of the equestrian recreation were initially chiefs of breeding centers who relatively quickly led to the creation of workplace clubs. Therefore, the capital of the region for many years was seen in the national scene as a promoter of qualified horsemanship. There was not paid a particular attention to the organization of facilities, though in Warmia and Mazury a well-devoloped network of agricultural schools was functioning with the necessary infrastructure for this purpose. The first “horse-riding school” was established in 1973. In the seventies of the last century in the educational institutions of the region, they were able to form only three other ones. The research results show clearly that the existing database in the training and educational process was used to a negligible extent.
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Zmiany w zarządzaniu kulturą fizyczną w województwie łódzkim w latach 1945–1990

63%
Jaroszewski J., Wójcik Z.
Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
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2017
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vol. 59
82-97
PL
W latach 1946–1990 siedmiokrotnie dokonano zmian w zarządzaniu sprawami kultury fizycznej w Polsce. Brak wystarczajacych środków finansowych powodował, że działania te miały charakter głównie propagandowy, a czasami przynosiły skutek odwrotny od zamie­rzonego. Odtwarzanie zmian organizacji i zarządzania kulturą fizyczną w Polsce po II wojnie światowej jest procesem trwającym. Mimo powstawania wielu opracowań ogólnych nadal niewystarczający jest stan badań w regionalnym zakresie. Informacje zawarte w zdepono­wanych aktach w archiwach centralnych i regionalnych, uzupełnione prasą lokalną, stanowiły podstawę do przedstawienia wycinka z dziejów kultury fizycznej w regionie łódzkim. Dzięki nim możliwe było odtworzenie organizacji i sposobu zarządzania sportem, wychowaniem fizycznym i turystyką na terenie województwa łódzkiego w latach 1945–1990.
EN
In years 1945–1990, the physical culture management system in Poland was changed seven times. Insufficient financial resources made the changes rather of propaganda character, sometimes resulting in a reverse effect. Reconstructing the changes in the organization and management of physical culture in Poland after World War II is a continuous process. Although many general studies have been published, the state of research with detailed regional coverage is still unsatisfactory. Information included in the files of central and regional archives, supported by local press, has become the basis for the presentation of a fraction of physical culture history in the Łódź region. Owing to the material, it was possible to view the organization and management of sport, physical education, and tourism in the Łódź province in years 1945–1990.
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STAROŚĆ W PERSPEKTYWIE AKTYWIZACJI ŚRODOWISKOWEJ OSÓB STARSZYCH

63%
Wójcik J., Wójcik Z.
Forum Teologiczne
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2016
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vol. 17
143-159
PL
W artykule ukazano starość w perspektywie potrzeby przezwyciężania osamotnienia osób w poprodukcyjnym okresie życia. Opisano starość w perspektywie wyników badań GUS, dotyczących życia osób starszych w Polsce. Wykazano, że rodzina jest ważnym środowiskiem aktywizacji seniorów. Aktywność osób starszych wspierają zorganizowane struktury społeczne: uniwersytety trzeciego wieku oraz kluby seniora. W artykule wskazano obszary działalności obu tych struktur.
EN
The article shows senility from the perspective of the need to overcome people loneliness in the postproductive period of life. Old age is described from the perspective of findings from GUS (Central Statistical Office), concerning the life of older persons in Poland. The family is also shown as an important environment for the activation of seniors. The activity of older persons is supported and organized by social structures: Universities of the Third Age and seniors’ clubs. The article indicates the areas of activity of both of these structures.
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Hipika - ujeżdżanie rekreacyjne i sportowe. Tradycje województwa olsztyńskiego (1945-1975)

63%
Wójcik Z., Boraczyński T.
Komunikaty Mazursko-Warmińskie
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2015
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issue 4 (290)
639-648
EN
Horse riding movement in Olsztyn voivodeship was initiated by soldiers of Border Protection Troops. Further development took already place in undertaking breeding bussines pedigree breeding centers. Workplace sections were initiated there which with the support of the heads of studs and stallion stations obtained cooperation at the level of sports. However, the official pioneering equestrian competitions were held only in 1951 in Braniewo. The first contest was demonstration of dressage. This competition is widely regarded as the most important in horsemanship, while jumping over obstacles enjoys much greater popularity. Dressage in Warmia and Masuria, due to the lack of tradition and training staff, was practiced by few riders. That is why successes in the national arena appeared only in 1964. Originating from LZS Liski, brothers Antoni, Tomasz and Piotr Pacyńscy and Olympian, Stefan Grodzicki were dominating in the following years.
9
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Sport zapaśniczy w tradycji województwa olsztyńskiego (1945-1989)

63%
Wójcik Z., Jaroszewski J.
Komunikaty Mazursko-Warmińskie
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2019
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issue 3(305)
615-634
EN
Wrestling became an interest in Poland only at the end of the 19th century. However, in the Olsztyn Province, among other reasons due to historical conditions, this was a much later development. The first propaganda fights took place only in 1950. Shortly afterwards, the national team of the Olsztyn voivodeship participated in the nationwide tournament ‘For the City Cup’. However, a professional section was only established seven years later. Then, Lt. Zenon Rydziński initiated the training process at RKS “Budowlani” Olsztyn. It resulted in subsequent numerous sports successes. In 1964, thanks to the efficiency of activists from the People’s Sports Teams, young people from the Giżycko province also wrestled. The most die-hard players then set up further sections in the cities they came from
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