Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 8

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
The May Coup in 1926 has had a major impact on changing the concept of military training and education in the professional staff of the Polish Army. The approach of marshal Pilsudski was the decisive factor. The Centre for Defense Studies was liquidated. The Military Academy adopted a staff cadre rather than command cadre training model, reducing preparation to the tactical level. Other higher military schools foundation ideas were not introduced. The officer schools were renamed in 1928 to the officer cadet schools, by introducing a new model of education with a strong focus on educational issues. The level of education was rising due to the requirements of general knowledge – high school diploma examinations - required of candidates for these schools. Training and retraining of staff officers were carried out in specialized vocational training centers, whose rank definitely increased.
RU
Переворот мая 1926 года оказал большое влияние на изменение концепции военного обучения и воспитания профессиональных кадров польской армии. Решающим было отношение к ней маршала Пилсудского. На уровне переподготовки офицеров, ожидающих на чин генерала, обучение было ограничено - окончательно ликвидирован Центр высшего военного образования и были также сокращены другие формы обучения. Военная академия приняла штабную, а не командную модель обучения офицеров, к тому же только на тактическом уровне. Обучение интендантов было недостаточным. Не создано новых высших военных училищ. Офицерские школы переименовано в 1928 г. на школы подхорунжих, одновременно внедряя новую модель образовани с упором на воспитательные проблемы. Уровень образования поднялся в связи с требованиями общих знаний, например, требованием диплома средней школы от кандидатов на эти училища. Подготовка и переподготовка офицеров штаба проводились в специализированных центрах профессиональной подготовки, ранг которых определенно повышался.
EN
The case of Poland–Russia war prisoners from 1919–1920 is being used by modern Russian propaganda to neutralise the impact made by Moscow admitting to the Katyn massacre. That is why the prisoners’ number as well as of those who did not return during repatriation is presented as a higher one than it is in reality. They are considered murdered or dead during Polish captivity, without presenting any historical sources that would indicate so. An intentional Polish policy to exterminate the prisoners is frequently said to have taken place. All this happens as the anti-Katyn campaign, inspired the highest Russian authorities. Polish research did not find any basis for those charges. The characteristic feature of the campaign is treating Polish prisoners’ fate in Russian captivity with silence. It was as tragic as their counterparts’ fate in Poland. With this in mind, Polish historiography’s silence regarding this issue is inexplicable. The lack of neutralising Russian propaganda should be considered a negligence with significant consequences.
EN
In the history of the Polish–Soviet war in 1919–1920 the problem that evokes many emotions – an aftermath of Moscow’s publicisation propaganda – is the fate of the prisoners of war. The Russian side indicates, without documented justification, that more than 200 thousands Russians have become Polish prisoners of war, among them 130 thousands have been kept in POW camps. The Polish side recounts that number for about 150 thousands prisoners being kept temporarily in a captivity and the number of 100–105 thousands that were kept in POW camps. Almost 76 thousands Red Army’s soldiers have been repatriated, including 10 thousands of allied of Polish Army with the status of an internee. Almost never mentioned is the fate of Polish prisoners of this war, of whom there were more than 50 thousands, from which came back barely 32 thousands, including 5th DSP prisoners – none participants of war. This publication is devoted to the negotiations and the final solution of the fate of those prisoners who survived the captivity, their return to native countries and the propaganda concerning this issue. The treaty for the repatriation of war prisoners had been signed on February 24th, 1921 in Riga and according to it the repartition has been executed. The author has outlined the problems of the civilian’s repatriation and its repercussions a number of Poles in Russia.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.