A portrait of a ruler as a personification of the state had been one of the most common commissions from artists, and it was not different also during the 19th century. The first half of the 19th century witnessed a shift in the way of portraying an emperor - from the absolutist feature to a closer relation to citizens of the state. The article exemplifies this line of development by a number of representative portraits of Habsburg monarchs - namely Francis I, Ferdinand V and Francis Joseph I - by painters like Jacob Cimbal, Carl Steinacker or Friedrich Lieder, deposited in Slovak Galleries and Museums Collections.
The article offers information on the exhibition 'Biedermeier. Art and Culture in the Czech countries 1814 - 1848' and the resulting extensive publication (527 pp.), both organized and published in 2008. It presents basic insight according to the logical structure of the publication: Predispositions and Roots, Applied Arts and Life-style, Biedermeier in Fine Arts and Tradition and Modernity and the Catalogue comprised of approximately 700 entries.
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