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1

Protetické v ve Smolné knize velkobítešské (1556–1636)

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Dittmann R.
Listy filologické (Folia philologica)
|
2019
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vol. 142
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issue 3-4
369-406
EN
The article deals with the prothetic v in a manuscript book of testimonies of people interrogated under torture under Czech Early Modern criminal law. The records of testimonies, being legal documents, had to be as faithful as possible and are thus fairly close to the then spoken Czech, even to a degree not found anywhere else in the period production, although the influence of scribes must be also carefully considered. The German scribe, for example, who did not have a firm grasp of Czech and its orthography, wrote down the prothesis in almost all possible instances, hence testifying to its systemic character in the local dialect. The books of testimonies are free from several limitations of typographical usage of Early Modern prints and also represent highly interesting material from the sociolinguistic point of view. The Velka Biteš juridical district included the Naměšť region where the future language model of prestigious Czech – the Kralice Bible – would appear in the period examined. The article provides a detailed analysis of the usage of prothesis considering several parameters such as the role of the individual scribes and the chronology, a comparison of proper nouns with the remaining vocabulary, a comparison of classes within the proper nouns, parts of speech and word formation analysis, the hiatus position, speeches of males and females recorded by a single scribe and a comparison with selected period prints and manuscripts.
2

Konsonantismus Bible kralické šestidílné

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Dittmann R.
Listy filologické (Folia philologica)
|
2018
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vol. 141
|
issue 3-4
409-448
EN
The contribution explores in detail the consonantal subsystem of the Six-Volume Kralice Bible (1579–1594), the peak of Czech Reformation biblical humanism. The analysis of consonantism is undertaken especially with respect to a comparison with present-day Standard Czech. Diachronic phonetical and phonological changes, resulting in differences between the two synchronic stages, are exemplified, beginning with the Early Czech depalatalizations. Furthermore, Old Czech depalatalization processes, two kinds of l (l/ł), prothetic v-, hiatus consonants and other changes in the flow of speech – such as inserting a consonant, omitting a consonant, assimilation and dissimilation and consonant gemination – are analyzed.
3

Samohlásková délka v Kralické bibli šestidílné

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Dittmann R.
Listy filologické (Folia philologica)
|
2016
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vol. 139
|
issue 3-4
341-381
EN
The article deals with selected features of vowel length in the Six-Volume Kralice Bible (1579–1594) and brings new data and findings about distribution of different length and shortness of various origin in comparison with the Present-Day Standard Czech. It explores how Jan Blahoslav’s rules, voiced in his Czech Grammar, were applied in pronouns, adverbs, the words of the type čeledin, and some other lexemes, confirming translators’ respect to Blahoslav’s opinions. The author then discusses several cases of unmarked vowel length and unexpectedly marked vowel length in the Six-Volume Bible within the context of previous research, and he aims at differentiating the orthographical and linguistic phenomena. Furthermore, traces of the so-called Moravian shortness are examined as represented by several lexemes, and some other cases of dialectal vowel length and shortness are supplied, bringing thus new findings with respect to the dialectal influences in the Kralice Bible. Finally, the author analyses selected aspects of vowel length and shortness in nouns (nominative plural muží, analogical levelling, verbal nouns of the type dávaní) and verbs (prefixes, n- and nt-participles, prefixal derivation of disyllabic words).
4

Vokalismus Bible kralické šestidílné II: uplatnění změn proběhlých od konce 14. století

100%
Dittmann R.
Listy filologické (Folia philologica)
|
2018
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vol. 141
|
issue 1-2
95-130
EN
The contribution explores how vowel changes carried out from the end of the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries affected the Six-Volume Kralice Bible (1579–1594). Leaving aside the problem of vowel quantity, the author follows the changes embracing the methodological view of registering differences in the Six-Volume Kralice Bible as compared to Present-Day Standard Czech. The changes in the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries such as y > ej, e > i and the initial u > ou, common in the Central Bohemian dialect and elsewhere, were to varying degrees prevented from wide acceptance in the Six-Volume Bible and were at least partially utilized to form and distinguish the prestigious biblical style. The contribution specifies in detail the scope of employment of these changes in the Six-Volume Kralice Bible and the extent of certain other changes affecting vocalism and thus contributes to a recognition of the Czech biblical style.
5

K významu raných česko-židovských jazykových kontaktů v oblasti českých zemí pro diachronní bohemistiku

100%
Dittmann R.
Listy filologické (Folia philologica)
|
2012
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vol. 135
|
issue 3-4
259-285
EN
The contribution shows high importance of early Czech-Jewish linguistic contacts for Czech studies. It (1) briefly mentions the role of Hebrew in medieval linguistic thought with respect to the Czech lands, (2) summarizes the contacts preceding the 14th century, (3) elaborates on the problem of the oldest Czech sentence, (4) brings new information about Roman Jakobson’s work in the field including so far unpublished materials from his papers stored at MIT in Cambridge, MA, (5) corrects some misleading results of previous research, (6) treats the question of the Czech layer in Yiddish, (7) supplies some examples of linguistic importance of medieval Czech glosses in Hebrew script, and (8) enumerates goals of future research.
6

Vokalismus Bible kralické šestidílné I: uplatnění změn proběhlých před staročeskými diftongizacemi

100%
Dittmann R.
Listy filologické (Folia philologica)
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2017
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vol. 140
|
issue 3-4
407-427
EN
The contribution explores how vowel changes carried out from the 10th to the end of the 14th century affected the Six-Volume Kralice Bible (1579‒1594). Leaving aside the problem of vowel quantity, the author follows the changes embracing the methodological view of registering differences in the Six-Volume Kralice Bible as compared to the Present-Day Standard Czech. To a certain degree the Kralice Bible tends to keep the older stage of development of vocalism which is reflected in case of pre-historical changes such as yers and their substitutes as well as in case of results of Old Czech changes such as ’ä > ě, ’a̋ > ie. The contribution shows in detail the extent to which these changes were employed in the Six-Volume Kralice Bible and thus it helps to arrive at a more detailed description of the Kralice Bible style recognized generally as an authority and model for the centuries to come.
7
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Karafiátova úprava starozákonních toponym ve vydáních Bible kralické „podlé původních textů opravené“

100%
Dittmann R.
Acta onomastica
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2008
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vol. 49
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issue 1
106-116
EN
Unlike the first revision by Karafiat (1887), this new revision (KAR) from the 20th century, subtitled 'text of the Kralice Bible form the year 1613 revised according to the original texts', affected both the appellative text and the proper names, though in a very restrained way. The three main trends in the Old Testament toponymy of KAR are just strengthened tendencies present already in the 1887 revision: graphical adaptation, hebraisation, and - most importantly - harmonisation. However, many inconsistencies of previous editions were preserved. The revision affected especially phonological structure of place names, while morphological and syntactical properties remained almost intact, and this fact also contributed to its failure
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