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EN
The purpose of the article is to present an integrated research approach based on fundamental principles of cognitive ethnolinguistics and studies of multimodality in texts and discourse, and to apply it to a) reconstruction of stereotypes meaning, and to b) carry out a comparative study of the way the stereotypes are construed in four different languages.
PL
The paper examines the perspecitivity potential of German articles within the framework of cognitive linguistics. According to Langacker’s cognitive grammar, one of meaning components resulting from subjective scene construal is perspective. Perspective is understood as the viewing arrangement of a conceptualized scene. Its main components are subjecitivity/objectivity, that describe the relation between the subject and the object of conceptualization and the vantage point/the point of view defined as the mental position from which the scene is viewed. The analysis focuses on the use of definite and indefinite articles, on the choice of nouns and pronouns and on the function of tenses as grammatical correlates of different perspectivation strategies in narrative and humorous texts.
EN
The aim of this paper is to discuss the ethnolinguistic approach to stereotypes research proposed by Jerzy Bartmiński as compared to other cognitive theories and to analyse the stereotypes about Poland, and the Poles in the German worldview in the 19th century. The ethnolinguistic analysis focuses mainly on the reconstruction of the meaning of the stereotypes about Poland, and the Poles as well as on the determining their most typical profiles, and on the description of the change in these stereotypes throughout the 19th century. The material of the analysis consists of idiomatic expressions and metaphors taken from lexicographical resources and from DWDS Corpus (Textarchiv 1800–1900).
PL
Der Beitrag hat zum Ziel, die ethnolinguistische Konzeption der Untersuchung von Stereotypen von Jerzy Bartmiński vor dem Hintergrund anderer kognitiver Ansätze zu diskutieren und die Stereotype von Polen im deutschen Weltbild des 19. Jahrhunderts zu erforschen. Die ethnolinguistische Analyse konzentriert sich auf die Rekonstruktion der Bedeutung von Stereotypen über Polen und auf die Bestimmung von deren Profilen auf der textuellen Ebene sowie auf die Beschreibung des Stereotypenwandels, der sich im Laufe des 19. Jahrhunderts vollzogen hat. Das Material der Analyse bilden Phraseologismen und Metaphern, die lexikographischen Quellen und den Texten des DWDS Korpus (Textarchiv 1800–1900) entnommen wurden.
PL
The article is a brief introduction into the specifics and methodology of typological studies of indefinite pronouns, and presents the concept of an implicational map for indefinite pronoun functions, proposed by Haspelmath (1997). The implicational map identifies nine core functions (contexts) of indefinite pronouns that must be distinguished for the purposes of cross-linguistic comparison, and shows the semantic complexity of indefinite reference. The typological analysis conducted in this article focuses on the main similarities and differences in the form and meaning potential of indefinite pronouns, and is restricted to the three major types of Polish and German indefinite pronouns.
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