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THE MIGRATION OF RESEARCHERS FROM CENTRAL EUROPE DURING THE TRANSITION PERIOD

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Bernard J.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2008
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vol. 40
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issue 3
191-214
EN
The article deals with the analysis of specifics of researcher emigration from the post-socialist Central European countries to the USA in the context of the discussion on different approaches to the 'brain drain' phenomenon and its forms. The extent and structure of researcher migration from the Central European countries to the USA are compared to migration from the Western European countries using several data sets. The findings show among others that the intensity of researcher migration from the Central European countries to the USA was higher than from Western European countries in the early 1990s but it decreased significantly afterwards. Brain waste of highly qualified migrants from Central Europe persists.
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Sociální integrace přistěhovalců z velkoměsta na vesnici v České republice a v Rakousku

100%
Bernard J.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2006
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vol. 42
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issue 4
741-760
EN
The article deals with the topic of migration from cities to villages in the Czech Republic and Austria and the opportunities for the social integration of newcomers. It relates partly to the problems of suburbanisation but is not limited to just migration to suburban villages. The analysis is based on a qualitative study conducted in 2003-2004 using grounded theory, and it examines the subjective viewpoints of the incomers and their assessments of their situation. The author reveals two different patterns of motivation for migration, presents a typology of relationships between the incomers and the village community, and distinguishes three basic 'orientations' among the incomers: a village orientation, a city orientation, and an orientation towards self-sufficiency. These specific orientations emerge in the process of mutual interaction between the preferences of the incomers and the integration opportunities offered by particular villages; they are not exclusive and can change over time. The author closes with a summary of the differences between the situation in the Czech Republic and Austria, which may be a result of different structural conditions and different historical backgrounds.
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