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PL
Tekst stanowi propozycję krótkiej syntezy zagadnienia teologii w ramach myśli Ojców Kościoła. W oparciu o konkretne utwory literatury wczesnochrześcijańskiej staram się wpierw zdefiniować sam zakres pojęcia „teologia”, tak jak rozumiana była w starożytnym Kościele, a następnie przedstawić rozmaite źródła, z jakich czerpała ta teologia oraz różne drogi, jakimi podążała. Głównym tematem analizy jest jednak teologia spekulatywna reprezentowana przez św. Augustyna z Hippony oraz teologia moralna, za przedstawiciela której można by uznać św. Jana Chryzostoma. Podłożem dla przedstawionej analizy jest jednak napięcie, jakie od początku istnienia myśli kościelnej zaistniało pomiędzy filozofią a Objawieniem oraz wiarą i rozumem.
EN
The article presents a proposal of brief synthesis of the theology case in the thought of Church Fathers. Firstly I try to define scope of the concept of theology based on specific examples of Early Christian literature, as it was understood in the ancient Church, and then I present a variety of sources for the theology and different ways of its evolution. The main theme of the article are specifics of speculative theology of St. Augustine of Hippo and the moral theology, which could be represent by St. John Chrystostom. The foundation of the analysis is, however, tension, which appeared in the Early Church between philosophy and Revelation, faith and reason
EN
The study is devoted to the issues of eulogy of the world and contempt of the temporal and sinful condition of man based on “psalmic cantos” in Niepróżnujące próżnowanie [Not Idling Idleness] by Wespazjan Kochowski. As I try to prove, the religious attitude of the Sarmatian poet indicates continuity of patristic tradition, especially the so-called “golden era” of the Fathers of the Church (turn of the fourth and fifth centuries). Kochowski’s theological vision contained in the song Everything from Heaven and in the poetic series To the Penitent is based on the dichotomy between the original perfection of creation and the need for God’s healing grace.
EN
The noblest ”Song of Solomon” [Nazacniejsza Pieśń Salomonowa], or ”The Song of Songs” [Pieśń nad pieśniami] in the translation of Brest Bible is an attempt to interpret various fragments of the biblical love dialogue with particular focus on the content of margins (comments) written by the editors of the Brest Bible. My analysis leads to the conclusion that for the 16th century Protestant exegetes allegoresis was the dominant method of reading The Song of Songs. Neverthless, in some of their philological intuitions the Brest Bible’s editors surprisingly agree with the findings of the 20th century Biblical Studies, especially in the case of the strictly erotic character of some allusive expressions, or associations with the symbols used in the Pentateuch.
EN
The short study is devoted to the person of Athanasius of Brest, one of the most prominent Orthodox priests and religious activists of the 17th century, seen in the light of his only work, Diary (Дыярыуш, 1646). The paper attempts to analyse Athanasius’ dis-uniate mission as a consequence of his own prophetic creation, belief in supernatural visions and radical passion for the Orthodox traditionalism, described in his book. It appears that the key place in the work of Athanasius is occupied by the Icon of Virgin Mary of Kupiatycze, the sacred image regarded by the monk not only as a source of grace for his Apostolic ministry, but also as a sign of the real identity of the Orthodox Church. Athanasius’ social activity turns out to be important for understanding the controversies surrounding the Union of Brest.
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