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THE NUMBERS AND DISTRIBUTION OF LEMKOS AND UKRAINIANS IN LOWER SILESIA IN 1947-1955 (Liczebnosc i rozmieszczenie Lemkówe i Ukrainców na Dolnym Slasku w latach 1947-1955)

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Soltysik L.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

2009

issue 35

65-94

In 1947, the communist regime in Poland forcibly resettled about 140,000 Ukrainians and Lemkos from their traditional homeland in southeastern Poland to the north and west of the country (formerly German territories). This massive relocation program is known as 'Operation Vistula'. The communists' intention was to build a nation state. Over 21,000 of the deportees settled in Lower Silesia. The author discusses the principles under which the Ukrainians and Lemkos were settled in the new territories in Lower Silesia. The article is mainly based on author's own detailed archival research. It presents new data on the size and distribution of these populations in Lower Silesia and focuses on the following aspects: the distribution of the Ukrainians and Lemkos in Lower Silesia after 'Operation Vistula' in 1947, some problems with the distribution of the relocated people in 1947 and 1948, administrative resettlements in Wroclaw Voivodeship in the summer and autumn of 1948, major changes in the distribution of the Ukrainians and Lemkos population in the second half of 1948, as well as after the Polish administrative reform in 1950.

CHILDREN AND YOUTH FROM NORTH KOREA IN LOWER SILESIA AND MAZOVIA IN THE YEARS 1951-1959 (Dzieci i mlodziez pólnocnokoreanska na Dolnym Slasku i Mazowszu w latach 1951-1959)

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Soltysik L.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

2010

vol. 65

issue 1

57-95

The author researched the issue of North Korean children and youth who came to Poland and stayed here in 1950ties. The Koreans came to Poland within the special action what was one of the form of help provided to Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) by the government of People's Republic of Poland. The Polish state took on the duty of caring of and educating the Korean orphans, who were to be brought up for idealistic communist activists. They were to be educated in a modern style to become specialists in various professions. After coming back to DPRK they were expected to join reconstructing the country actively. Almost all the participants of the programme came to Poland in the autumn 1951 and in the second half of 1953. They lived and learned in Golotczyzna near Ciechanów, Swider (both towns in Mazovia), in Plakowice near Lwówek Slaski, Szklarska Poreba and Bardo Slaskie (all three towns in Lower Silesia). Altogether the number of Korean newcomers reached 1611-1631 persons in the years 1953-1954. The author concentrated on some main issues: financial help for the Korean orphans, curing them (they suffered from parasites especially), methods of education and care, relations between Polish and Korean staff and generally everyday life in the State Education Center in Plakowice. The whole action was suddenly stopped by the Korean authorities in 1959.

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1 Sprawy Narodowościowe

1 Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

1 2010

1 2009

2 Soltysik L.

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THE NUMBERS AND DISTRIBUTION OF LEMKOS AND UKRAINIANS IN LOWER SILESIA IN 1947-1955 (Liczebnosc i rozmieszczenie Lemkówe i Ukrainców na Dolnym Slasku w latach 1947-1955)

CHILDREN AND YOUTH FROM NORTH KOREA IN LOWER SILESIA AND MAZOVIA IN THE YEARS 1951-1959 (Dzieci i mlodziez pólnocnokoreanska na Dolnym Slasku i Mazowszu w latach 1951-1959)