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Instrumenty kształtowania struktury obszarowej gospodarstw rolnych w Polsce ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem roli instrumentów finansowych

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Stoksik J.
Studia Iuridica Agraria
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2011
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vol. 9
218-239
EN
Commonly it is deemed, which is also confirmed in professional economical literature, that spatial structure of farms in Poland is insufficient and requires improvement. The need of this improvement is dictated by the necessity of increasing the amount of developing farms, which guarantee the fulfilment of always increasing internal and external demand on polish food and raw materials of agricultural origin necessary to produce renewable sources of energy. Actions of the state heading for improving the spatial structure of farms were taken in Poland, with different effect, throughout the whole post–war period but their intensification took place after 1990. The most important activities initiated after this year are: the supporting of crediting the purchasing of land through granting premiums to interest of bank loans and then applying different forms of financial support for structural transformations in agriculture, provided by actions of assistance programmes for agriculture and rural areas after 2004. Special role in this matter has been envisaged on structural pensions in agriculture. In practice it turned out however that non of these actions both taken separately and together have not caused significant positive changes in the spatial structure of farms. Therefore the general conclusion on the background of this analysis leads to the opinion that the essential influence on desired structural changes in agriculture, in it also on the improvement of spatial structure of farms, have mainly friendly to the producer market of foodstuff and that actions which were analysed in this paper one can impute only auxiliary function in these transformations.
2
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Projektowanie pomocy unijnej w dziedzinie polityki rozwoju obszarów wiejskich

100%
Stoksik J.
Studia Iuridica Agraria
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2013
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vol. 11
99-115
EN
The next EU financial perspective 2014–2020 will bring many changes in designing and implementing of EU aid in the area of the Common Agricultural Policy, especially in the rural development policy. These changes bind proposed mechanisms of the Common Agricultural Policy with the Europe 2020 Strategy. This strategy envisages greater integration of the objectives of the Common Agricultural Policy with the objectives of other EU policies (regional policy, social policy, cohesion policy, fisheries policy). Author of this article is not fully convinced of the effectiveness of these changes. This view results from decreasing aid measures for each of these policies. Moreover, the European Commission has been granted powers to determine the distribution of this aid measures without clear criteria. Execution of the Programme of Rural Development Area may be jeopardized because of the expected shift of some funds from the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development to financing direct payments. For the full realization of the objectives of rural development policy, it is necessary to clearly specify the size of the funds allocated to rural areas in aid programs financed by other funds of the Common Strategic Framework.
3
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Wybrane zagadnienia ochrony interesów finansowych Unii Europejskiej w dziedzinie Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej

100%
Stoksik J.
Studia Iuridica Agraria
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2012
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vol. 10
422-440
EN
The disbursement of funds of the European Union’s budget with regard to Common Agricultural Policy imposes on administrative authorities of Community and Member States many responsibilities to protect financial interests of the EU’s budget. This paper presents the characteristics of these responsibilities and legal consequences of their violations and deals only with issues connected with responsibilities of domestic authorities. A well– functioning system of protection of such interests consists of a group of institutional guarantees starting with the effectively functioning institutions at the level of coordination, management and implementation of UE’s aid, through effective management and control system dealing with disbursement of these funds. The effectiveness of the protection of those interests in particular Member States can be assessed by ascertained irregularities. Although Poland is considered to be a country which effectively deals with above mentioned protection of financial interests, it does not exempt our country form the obligation of further development in these area.
4
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FORMY POMOCY UNIJNEJ DLA MAŁYCH GOSPODARSTW ROLNYCH W POLSCE

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Stoksik J.
Zeszyty Prawnicze
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2015
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vol. 15
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issue 1
205-229
PL
Forms of EU Assistance for Small Farms in Poland Summary The latest CAP reform has pointed out the need to maintain the vitality and development of small farms. The basic principle of the reform is for these farms to perform an important role in the multifunctional development of rural areas throughout the whole EU. Alongside their traditional farming activities these farms have a unique favourable impact on the natural environment by maintaining its biodiversity. They also support the rich European traditions and customs in food production. They are producers of good, healthy food; they provide millions of jobs, thereby reducing unemployment, not only in rural areas. In appreciation of these assets, the new EU financial perspective envisages many forms of support, especially financial support for small farms, within both pillars of the CAP. This article gives a favourable preliminary assessment of these forms of assistance. But there are drawbacks as well. One is the small extent of the assistance, expressed by the relatively low amount of expenditure planned for the financing of the assistance. Another drawback is too strict criteria for access to certain forms of financial supports, which could be used by small farms, provided in the Rural Development Programme for the years 2014-2020. This will cause that a large group of small farms do not benefit from the aid provided there.
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