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Socjobiologicznego bajkopisarza do Najwybitniejszego Autorytetu w Dziedzinie (psychologii miedzykulturowej) o metodach naukowej krytyki i polemiki a także o konieczności czytania ze zrozumieniem pokornych uwag kilka

100%
Szmajke A.
Psychologia Społeczna
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2010
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vol. 5
|
issue 4(15)
355-361
EN
In his textbook titled 'Cultural frameworks of social behaviour'(2009) Paweł Boski severely criticised some of the formulations which I used in my works on the anatomical determinants of attractiveness of the human figure (Szmajke, 2004; 2005). I was accused of 'fable-writing', lack of elementary criticism' and 'impertinence'. In the same book, after analysing the results of one of the criticised experiments (Szmajke, 2004), he stated that they confirmed his own thesis on the femininity of Polish culture, as the one where ‘modelling the shape of the man’s body follows a feminine pattern (in America it would be labelled as ‘effemination’’ (p. 420). In this polemic I prove that Boski's objections are very poorly justified as they originate from his striking difficulty of distinguishing between an 'introduction' and 'conclusions' or 'deductions'. I also demonstrate that nothing but his casualness or reading comprehension problems might have led him to formulate the thesis that the finding of one of my experiments shows that Polish women (as opposed to American ones) are characterized by a 'feminine' and 'effeminate' pattern of the attractiveness of the masculine figure.
2
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Can cigarette smoking make a man appear sexier and stronger to women?

63%
Czarna A., Szmajke A.
Psychological Studies
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2011
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vol. 49
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issue 5
23-40
EN
This paper focuses on naďve theories, illusions, and misconceptions regarding the outcome of men’s cigarette smoking on female impressions. Beliefs about those outcomes were examined in a correlational study and their content was compared with the results of previous experimental verifi cation. Male and female participants (N = 396) responded to an advertisement placed on an online general-interest forum and completed a questionnaire concerning their beliefs about the impact of cigarette smoking in men on their self-presentation to women. This included impressions of attractiveness, intelligence, strength, sexiness, and other male qualities. Results show that people believe that smoking decreases a man’s perceived aptitude for being a woman’s long-term partner. The belief that smoking enhances a man’s attractiveness to a woman as a short-term partner was limited to female smokers. Non-smokers believed that smoking in men signals poor impulse-control. Gender, age, smoking status (smoker vs non-smoker), and number of cigarettes smoked daily appeared to play an important role in predicting expressed beliefs. Young female smokers were indicated as the subgroup bearing the most optimistic illusions.
3
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Does Communal Context Bring the Worst in Narcissists?

51%
Czarna A. Z., Czerniak A., Szmajke A.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2014
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vol. 45
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issue 4
464-468
EN
The present experiment (N = 95) investigated the relations of narcissism with social value orientation under façade conditions of testing communal or agentic traits (or none - in a control condition). The results indicated that narcissism predicted less willingness to share resources with others and more competitive orientation in a façade communal condition compared to the remaining two conditions: control and agentic. The results confirm narcissistic disregard for communal domain and are consistent with the extended agency model of narcissism and the “success as a drawback” effect.
4
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“Red wins”, “black wins” and “blue loses” effects are in the eye of beholder, but they are culturally universal: A cross-cultural analysis of the influence of outfit colours on sports performance.

45%
Sorokowski P., Szmajke A., Hamamura T., Jiang F., Sorokowska A.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2014
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vol. 45
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issue 3
318-325
EN
Although many studies have demonstrated an influence of uniform colors on sports performance, there are still more questions than answers regarding this issue. In our study, participants from Poland (N = 147) and China (N = 143) watched a two-minute video of a semi-professional boxing match. The participants viewed six different versions of the same fight - the original was modified to change the colors of the boxers’ trunks (red vs. blue, blue vs. red, blue vs. black, black vs. blue, red vs. black, and black vs. red). We experimentally confirmed that “black wins” and “red wins” effects exist, but in a way that caused an erroneous perception of the number of blows landed by boxers wearing red and black trunks fighting against boxers in blue trunks. We also showed that both effects are similarly strong even in Chinese culture, where the color red has different connotations from those in Western cultures. Additionally, our results suggest that context might play a very important role in the assessments of the boxers - color only influenced the perception of the weaker boxer. Finally, our findings suggest that the topic of the influence of colors on sports competitions has not been thoroughly investigated and further studies are necessary.
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