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Výzkum úrovně vybraných očekávaných výstupů žáků 1. stupně ZŠ prostřednictvím sebehodnocení

100%
Doulík P., Škoda J.
Pedagogická orientace (Journal of the Czech Pedagogical Society)
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2008
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vol. 18
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issue 2
95-110
EN
The paper deals with research focusing on the level of selected and anticipated performance using self-assessment specified by the Framework Educational Programme for primary education in the field entitled “Human Being and Its World”and “Czech Language and Literature”. The level of performance using self-assessment was monitored in a group of 5th grade elementary school pupils undertaking the „Základní škola“ educational programme, in a group of 5th grade primary school children undertaking „Step by Step“ (alternative) educational programme and in a group of parents. A questionnaire built on the principle of interval scales was used as the research instrument. The level of anticipated performances using self-assessment was compared between individual groups using nonparametric methods of statistical data analysis. The findings show a very similar level of anticipated performance using self-assessment in children undertaking both educational programmes. Children undertaking the „Základní škola“ educational programme in the area of literary education educational programme show a significantly higher level of assessment of their performance. Similar trends have been found in the group of parents of both the compared groups of children in the level of assessment of the anticipated performance in the monitored areas.
2
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Vývoj paradigmat přírodovědného vzdělávání

100%
Škoda J., Doulík P.
Pedagogická orientace (Journal of the Czech Pedagogical Society)
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2009
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issue 3
24-44
EN
This article surveys the period of approximately 250 years of science education development and science education paradigms of the Czech lands. This particular development is also viewed in its larger global context. Individual stages of science education development are described along with their significant features in the systems of schooling from the times of school reformation which started during the reign of Empress Maria Theresia up to the present day. The paper deals with basic functioning, objectives and challenges of science education at the threshold of the 21st century. The authors define complex issues of science education: global environmental issues and problems, interrelation of science, technology and society, key concepts and crucial issues of science education along with inter-disciplinary thinking. Due to global trends in curricula management, the autonomy of science teachers rises as does the amount of their responsibility. The most important selected issues are discussed within the article and the authors attempt to seek optimum solution.
3
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Vnímání chemie žáky druhého stupně základních škol

81%
Kubiatko M., Švandová K., Šibor J., Škoda J.
Pedagogická orientace (Journal of the Czech Pedagogical Society)
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2012
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vol. 22
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issue 1
82-96
EN
There are a small number of research studies investigating lower secondary school pupils´ attitudes toward chemistry. Existing studies focus mainly on the influence of gender on the attitudes toward chemistry. In this paper we present an investigation of the influence of gender, grade and, class and favourite subject and also an overall index of attitudes toward chemistry. The sample consisted of 379 pupils from eight lower secondary schools. The number of boys and girls was approximately similar; there were more pupils from the 8th grade and 102 pupils with chemistry as favourite subject. The measurement tool was a questionnaire with 25 Likert type items. After applying factor analysis, the items were distributed into four dimensions: The interest in chemistry, The relevance of chemistry, The future life and chemistry and The chemical experiments. The independent two-sample t-test was used for determining the diff erences among groups of categorical variables. A significant diff erence was found only in the dimension favourite subject. Pupils with chemistry as favourite subject achieved more positive attitudes. Girls achieved higher score in comparison with boys. The pupils from both grades achieved almost similar scores. Possibilities of further investigations are suggested in the conclusion.
4
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Dětské čtenářství v didaktických souvislostech a perspektivy neurovědních poznatků

81%
Jindráček V., Škoda J., Doulík P.
Pedagogická orientace (Journal of the Czech Pedagogical Society)
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2013
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vol. 23
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issue 5
691-716
EN
The goal of this review is to look up research studies, that have by using the functional or electrophysiological methods investigated the activation of cortical parts of brain during reading or narrating a story (narrative or discourse), and by using reviews give the overview of the results which the selected works achieved. The first part of the report is devoted to the contemporary children reading in educational contexts in literary education. In the second part an overview of research studies mapping the activation of cortical parts of the brain during the process of reading and the understanding of narrative/discourse is provided. As a source of data, the following databases were used (2007–2012): Medline, Bibliomedica, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar. 16 studies were included in the analysis. It has come to light, that the identified works considered the specifics of pubescent and prepubescent readers only in few isolated cases, yet in spite of that, gave extensive overview about the options that can be used to clarify the mechanisms of the process of reading a narrative text on the level of cortical activation of the brain. Sixteen research studies were included in the analysis. In the evaluated articles, great importance has been given to the research of activity of brain parts/hemispheres in the process of construction of the so called situational models (during the segmentation of the narrative into individual parts/events) and defining contrasts that characterize neural correlates of inferential processes.
5
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Unconventional ways of solving problems in mathematics classes

81%
Doulík P., Eisenmann P., Přibyl J., Škoda J.
The New Educational Review
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2016
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vol. 43
53-67
EN
The contribution enquires into possibilities of application of the heuristic methods in the teaching process, specifically its applications during the classes of mathematics in grammar school. In the frame of the research the influence was monitored of the unconventional way of solving problems during classes of mathematics in relation to the evaluation of educational advancements. Furthermore, pupils evaluated their attitude towards mathematical study including their viewpoint on problematic exercises in maths and the successfulness of solving these mathematical exercises was also evaluated. The results of the experimental group were compared to the same areas in the control group.
6
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Concept of ‘Life’ Phenomenon for Pre-school Children

81%
Škoda J., Doulík P., Hajer-Müllerová L.
The New Educational Review
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2006
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vol. 8
183-192
EN
The article describes qualitative research into the interpretation of the “life” phenomenon in 12 selected pre-school children. These are children with special educational needs from the Special Nursery School for children with more defects. Their individual disorders and handicaps may affect their comprehension of the life phenomenon. The research techniques applied were as follows: an analysis of children’s drawings, a non-structured interview and selection of pictures specially prepared in advance. The results achieved are presented in general, showing also several exemplary case studies of specific pupils with the specification of their handicap. The article discusses possible effects of children’s handicaps on the process of their forming comprehension of the common life phenomenon.
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