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Zaangażowanie kapitału zagranicznego w sektorze bankowym w Polsce

100%
Wrona M.
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
|
2006
|
vol. 34
|
issue 3
289-302
EN
The paper focuses on the conditions and forms of the influx of the foreign capital to the Polish bank sector. The stages of the introduction of foreign investors to Polish banks have been analysed, their participation in the funds of their own banks and assets, together with the commitment to the deposit-credit activity. Eventually, an attempt has been made to briefly characterise the impact of the foreign capital on Polish banks. Our analysis indicates a considerable contribution of the foreign capital to the Polish bank sector and its positive impact on the development of competition, including its controversial role in crediting Polish enterprises, especially small and medium.
2
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Główne uwarunkowania i potrzeba konsolidacji w polskim sektorze bankowym

100%
Wrona M.
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
|
2004
|
vol. 32
|
issue 3
169-182
EN
The present article focuses mainly on the conditions and essential circumstances of the processes of mergers and acquisitions of banks in Poland. The need for consolidation in the Polish banking sector results, first of all, from the capital weakness of Polish banks, disadvantageous distribution of capital resources, shortage of large banks, as well as from the changes on the financial services market and benefits that come together with the process of mergers and acquisitions of banks. The analysis presented in the article shows the need to continue the consolidating process of the banking sector in Poland.
3

Tarcza podatkowa w leasingu finansowym i operacyjnym

100%
Wrona M.
Roczniki Ekonomii i Zarządzania
|
2013
|
vol. 5(41)
125-137
EN
Leasing is one of the main funding sources in business. A company with low credit rating can obtain the funding for fixed assets in the form of leasing. Then the question arises: what form of leasing to choose? Which form will be more beneficial for a company? Hence, leasing might be analysed from the perspective of interest that a company will have to pay, but also with respect to the net cash flow that a company will generale dealing with the leasing liabilities. The last issue became the main problem of the article. The other issue emphasised is a definition of tax shield that shapes amount of the cash flow. It revises the amount in plus, thus ipso facto it influences leasing profitability.
4

Dotacje unijne jako źródło finansowania nowo powstających przedsiębiorstw na przykładzie województwa lubelskiego

100%
Wrona M.
Roczniki Ekonomii i Zarządzania
|
2012
|
vol. 4(40)
59-81
EN
Start-up enterprises can benefit from EU funding in the initial phase of their activity. Subsidies for starting a business are granted through various institutions appointed to implement various EU programmes and to hand over funds of the State Budget. Therefore, unemployed individuals who wish to undertake economic activity can use funding offered by employment agencies. This sort of assistance is disbursed on specific terms in the form of a deposit for start-up enterprises. Newly created entities can benefit from EU funding through two programmes: Regional Operational Programme for the Lublin Region for 2007-2013 and Rural Development Programme for 2007-2013. In both cases the financial assistance consists in reimbursement of the costs incurred, but the difference concerns the location of the investment, namely the former programme is realised in urban-rural communes, urban communes and in municipalities counting over 5 000 inhabitants. On the other hand, the Rural Development Programme assists investments located in rural, rural-urban and urban communes, excluding municipalities of more than 5 000 inhabitants.
5

Ujęcie w księgach rachunkowych i w sprawozdaniu finansowym dotacji z Programu Operacyjnego Innowacyjna Gospodarka Działanie 1.4-4.1 „Wsparcie projektów celowych oraz wsparcie wdrożeń wyników B+R”

63%
Wrona M., Żuk K.
Roczniki Ekonomii i Zarządzania
|
2011
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vol. 3(39)
185-201
EN
The issue of entering subsidies from the European Union means designed for financing industrial studies and/or developmental work as well as of implementation of the results of these studies or work in the area of economic activities of the entrepreneur within the operating program Innovative Economy 1.4-4.1 Action „Supporting Targeted Projects and Supporting Implementation of B+R work results” is a topical one because of the possibility to obtain the subsidies that companies enjoy after Poland joined the European Union. Subsidizing the completed developmental work within the „study stage” of the 1.4-4.1 Action is a „subsidy for the assets” and should be entered in the account books as the income of future periods. In the next periods the sums counted as inter-period income gradually increase the remaining operation income, parallel to amortization or remitting allowance for the cost of developmental work financed from this source. Subsidizing the building of fixed assets and nonmaterial or legal assets within the „implementation stage” of the 1.4-4.1 Action is a „subsidy for the assets” and should be entered in the account books, taking into consideration the regulations of Art. 41 section 1 paragraph 2 of the Law of Accountancy. The way the assets have been acquired does not affect the way they should be entered – it does not matter whether they have been purchased or financed by way of leasing. Subsidizing the outlays made by companies, that are operating costs belonging to the two stages of the 1.4-4.1 Action is a „subsidy for the income”. Such support should be included into the remaining operating costs.
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