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EN
The aim of the article is to depict in detail, on the grounds of the records of Military District Court in Bydgoszcz, the attacks backstage on the monument of gratitude to the Red Army soldiers in Grudziądz in the years 1946 and 1947 as well as the course and outcome of the court-investigatory proceedings in the above mentioned cases. In 1945 in Poland, there began mass actions to build monuments of gratitude towards the Red Army. In context of communist dictatorship, any public debate concerning issue of newly built commemorations could not take place, although it was by all means needed and justified in those days. Admittedly, the communist propaganda commented every single monument, yet solely in positive manner, with no polemical voice. Meanwhile, many Poles were of the opinion that the Red Army soldiers, although they beat the Nazi occupier, did not deserve any monuments. Crimes committed by the Red Army soldiers caused the initial gratitude being replaced by the sense of fear and injustice. Due to the impossibility to legitimately manifest protest against postwar situation which developed in the country, many Poles were undertaking illegal actions. Among them were the attacks on the Red Army monuments. They took place on the territory of the whole Poland, with a great intensity in the second half of the 40-ties and beginning of the 50-ties. The presented text regarding the attacks on the monument in Grudziądz, illustrates the motivations of perpetrators as well as the outline of proceedings achieved and copied by communist authorities in this kind of affairs.
PL
The article aims at showing the history of building and disassembling the monument of Ivan Konev – the Prime Minister of the Soviet Union – in Krakow. The monument was oneof the important symbols of the Communist system and the domination of the Soviet Union in Poland. Despite the objections of a considerable part of the society, the monument waserected by the representatives of the falling regime as a kind of political manifestation. After 1989, the monument became one of the symbols of subjugation and hypocrisy of the Polishnation that were most quickly demolished by the democratic government. The statue of I. Konev was transported to Kirov, the remaining parts of the monument were disposed ofseparately. Although the monument stood in Krakow for only four years, it imprinted in the awareness of the citizens. Its history is particularly interesting in comparison with the then socio-political events and is tightly connected with them. 
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