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Relationship between Religion, Politics and Society in Eastern Europe after 1989 as exemplified by the Czech Republic and Poland

100%
Bubík T.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego ACTA POLITICA
|
2010
|
issue 23
43-58
EN
In the last century, religion was discarded from participation in public life. It was believed that churches had already finished their historical role and thus the dominant position in European society was to be undertaken by the state institutions. Churches were actually kept within limits that made them “harmless” in the sphere of public life. Religion was supposed to assume a strictly private role, not to be any longer a public affair. In the last century’s battle between state and church, the state was believed victorious. This paper attempts to clarify the position and the role of religion in European society as it has been changing since the breaking of the communist regime.
PL
W XX wieku udział religii w życiu publicznym uległ znacznemu ograniczeniu. Uznano, że nastąpił nowy etap w rozwoju, charakteryzujący się wyeliminowaniem religii z życia publicznego i przyjęcia przez nią ściśle prywatnego charakteru. Istniejące Kościoły i związki wyznaniowe poddano wielu ograniczeniom, limitując możliwości ich wpływu na wiernych. Nowe impulsy w relacjach między państwem a Kościołem pojawiły się wraz ze zmianami społeczno-politycznymi po 1989 roku. W artykule podjęto próbę wyjaśnienia pozycji i roli religii w społeczeństwie państw Europy Wschodniej po zmianie związanej z upadkiem reżimu komunistycznego.
2

PLACES OF THE DEAD AND THE LIVING: A STUDY OF CEMETERY RELIGIOUS SYMBOLISM AS FUNERARY EXPRESSIONS OF RELIGIOSITY

39%
Bubík T., Havlíček J., Muczková M., Jedličková L., Čejková O., Hurtík J., Kubálková K.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
|
2023
|
vol. 71
|
issue 4
426 – 447
EN
This study examines attitudes towards the afterlife and the death of close relatives of the deceased. The research focuses on cemeteries and tombstones, understood as places that can provide information about the bereaved’s funerary expressions of religiosity. We have focused through the perspective of the academic study of religion (Religious Studies) on two Central European regions, specifically along the borders of the Czech Republic, with different levels of declared religiosity. These regions were influenced by different national (Czech, German, and Polish) and religious groups (especially Catholic and Protestant). In total, we have documented almost 10,000 gravestones and developed a quantitative method for the data processing. Our study confirmed the correlation between funeral expressions and declared religiosity as revealed in the Censuses. The research also proved that it is possible to track changes in such expressions over time, as well as differences among national attitudes. Moreover, our results suggest the suitability of the research method for studying relatively small localities rather than large areas with huge populations.
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