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Glosy o Velké válce

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The featured observations represent selected viewpoints of World War I, highlighting background events that led to the war. They present the situation in Austro-Hungary for whom the war was a tool to solve its political problems and further demonstrate how the war actually made the aforementioned country’s relations with national groups more complicated. The observations also focus on the image of the war, distorted by propaganda, and the situation on both the front line and in the hinterland. Last but not least they deal with the war from the Czech viewpoint, unique for many reasons including the fact that at this time the Czechs were escalating their attempts at creating their own state.
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Atentát na Reinharda Heydricha v souvislostech

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This address, The Heydrich Era and Czech Society, was presented to the XVIIIth General Assembly of the Learned Society of the Czech Republic in the Carolinum, the Great Hall of Charles University, on the 14th May 2012. It encapsulated a brief synopsis of the author’s life-long research into the issues of Czech society during the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.
EN
This year we mark a centenary of the outbreak of World War I. This event is closely related to our topic: the beginning of German occupation of the Bohemian Lands in March 1939. To follow the genesis of this relation we must go back to the Frankfurt Vorparlament in 1848. That institution was seeking an answer to the question what would a unified Germany look like, whether it would be “Big” or “Small”. The first idea of German Central Europe appeared in the notion of Mitteleuropa. The Germans, as the authors of the idea believed and propagated, were entitled to the leading role in that area owing to their civilization, cultural and economic maturity. Such a large, Central-Europe-wide Germany was also the aim of the Sudetengerman nationalists and their conflict with the Czech policy in Austria was thus motivated more geopolitically than just as a “mere” ethnic conflict. Mitteleuropa constituted Germany’s main war goal in the First World War, as proved by Prof. Fritz Fischer in his huge work that German historians, particularly those of older generation, initially opposed, and even hated. The occupation of Bohemian Lands by Germany in March 1939 constituted one of the new chapters of the Mitteleuropa Project adopted and implemented by the Nazis. It was supposed to be extended and include all New Europe controlled by them. Its historical genesis must not fall into oblivion, as without it an important part of explanation of the causes, sense and events of the 15 March 1939 would be missing. Contemporaries can feel it, historians should identify it.
EN
This article briefly surveys the until now published memoir literature on the history of the Munich Crisis of 1938. It also presents information on the until now unpublished, yet relevant, memoirs, relating to this theme.
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