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Jaroslav Pánek is one of the foremost personalities of the Polish-Czech history studies. Within the framework of his research activities in this field, he draws attention to these principal issues: the relations of a smaller nation towards the history of the larger neighbour; the infrastructure of this research; the composition of research and the specific role of bilateral relations and cross-border regions within the entire scope of one specific national historiography; th importance ofthis research for the present day.
EN
A Polish scholar, literary critic, university lecturer, theatre lover, great organiser and speaker, an associate of a number of scholarly journals and newspapers, a man of impeccable manners, and patriot, Marian Szyjkowski undoubtedly stands out as one of the most outstanding examples of the Polish-Czech research co-operation, or even of a much wider ‘mission – to bring both nations closer to each other‘. Szyjkowski‘s life began in Lviv, then the capital of Galicia of an autonomous era. The atmosphere of his family home, the Polish-language high school and an extremely high level of university studies were a formative infl uence on Szejkowski. Next came Kraków, with its Jagiellonian Library, subsequent degrees, signifi cant publications, PAU (the Polish Academy of Learning) membership. His life nevertheless took the main turn when Szyjkowski became the Head of a newly established Department of Polish Language and Literature at Charles University in Prague.
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Obraz Čechů v polské společnosti. Příklad Haliče

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In the Czech historiographical works that have been published to date, due attention has not been paid to Czechs in Galicia. The partial attempts made, whose goal was to evaluate the part Czechs have played in the cultural and social life of Galicia during the period of the Austrian monarchy and from the second half of the eighteenth century until 1918, have been published, and continue to be produced mainly in the milieu of contemporary Ukrainian researchers and Czech compatriots living in Lvov. Both of these groups have also shared in the preparation of a biographical dictionary with the title 'Cesi v Halici' (Czechs in Galicia), which was published in Ukrainian in 1998. In 2007, the association called Czech Gathering (Ceska beseda) in Lvov published an exhaustive edition of its documents for the occasion of the 140th anniversary of their founding. In order to annex the territory of Galicia to the Austrian state in the second half of the eighteenth century, Vienna began to send its officials there, and among them, Czechs played a very significant role. As Slavs, they could more easily understand the Polish, Ukrainian or Ruthenian dialects of the local inhabitants. During the nineteenth century, besides the members of the diverse bureaucratic corps, there were also Czech tradesmen and craftsmen, merchants, intellectual and scientific workers, musicians, industrialists, brewers, physicians, foresters, railway workers and, fewest of all, also some peasant farmers. The influence of Czech-nationality officials was vital in forming a negative image of Czechs in Polish society. Poles, mainly from the ranks of the nobility and bourgeoisie, perceived them as an instrument of oppression from the side of the occupation; that is, the Austrian state. Their negative attitude and experiences are reflected in the numerous Polish memoirs describing that era. The so-called 'Galician brawls' were extremely significant in this context. These were where farmers who were supported by Austrian bureaucrats squared off in bloody conflict with Polish insurgents, participants in the Krakow Uprising. The subject of the image and stereotypes of Czechs in Polish society in Galicia was treated in literature by the famous Polish writer and publicist of German origin, Jan Lam (1838-1886), who composed the novel 'Wielki swiat Capowic' (Great World of Capowice) in 1869. The topic presented here is scholarly from the very beginning and remains a worthy task for further research.
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