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Postavenie a úlohy štâtnych orgânov pri realizâcii pracovného prâva v ĆSSR

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Tkač V., Uniwersytet Pavla Jozefa Šafârika w Koszycach
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
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1991
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vol. 45
EN
In the field of creation, application and realisation of labour law a complex of labour law relationships arises, in which stale organs are involved. A very important task for the state organs is creation of the Czechoslovak labour law. The state organs are involved in: securing the right to work; pre-contract relations; beginning, alteration and termination of employment; securing safety of work and workers’ health protection. Other aspects of the labour law are the care for working conditions and life conditions, as well as the natural environment of the working class. The trade-unions participation in the labour law relations is also realised through a system of relations with state and economic organisations. The role and function of the state in the labour law relations provide the realisation of tasks following the social and economic policy of the Czechoslovak Communist Party and the socialist state towards the establishment of a developed socialist community.
2
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Všeobecne zâvâzné nariadenia miestnych orgnov štâtnej moci a sprâvy

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Bröstl A., Uniwersytet Pavla Jozefa Šafârika w Koszycach
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
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1991
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vol. 45
EN
The author focuses his attention on the theoretically less described question of issuing commonly binding regulations of People’s Councils, and related problems. The unsatisfactory state of these matters is to be improved by rules for issuing normative legal acts and regulations by the state organs. Basing upon a comparison of theoretical solutions and their practical realisation, the author deals with the problems of priority and secondariness of those legal acts, the problem of their terminology and publication, and gives an analysis of practical examples and samples of the field.
3
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Priame formy účasti občanov na činnosti orgânov štâtnej moci a sprâvy v ĆSSR

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Palúš I., Uniwersytet Pavla Jozefa Šafârika w Koszycach
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
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1991
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vol. 45
EN
In his paper the author analyses the participation of citizens in the activity of state and administrative organs, within the system of federal Czechoslovak authorities. The introductory part consists of considerations of the conception of participation of the working people in control of the socialist community, stressing by the way the mutual importance of political and economic postulates in the process of managing the social and national matters. In the essential part of the paper the author analyses first the forms of citizens’ participation in the activity of state and administrative organs on the level of the federation and national republics. The citizens’ participation in committees set up by the People’s Chamber and the Nations’ Chamber, by the Federal Assembly or by people’s councils, has been briefly characterized. An intensification of the participation of working people in formation of legal norms through a national discussion has been emphasized. In the subsequent part of the paper the author analyses the forms of working people’s participation in the work of supreme organs of state administration through auxiliary, advisory and initiating, or else coordinating organs, set up on the corresponding level. The main part of the paper is focused on the forms and possibilities of citizens’ participation in the activity of people’s councils, their organs and activists’ groups. Basing upon the recent legislative amendments relating to the people’s councils, the author thorughly analyses particular forms of the participation, with a special stress on the plenary sessions of people’s council committees, administrative committees and a wide range of activists’ groups. Pointing to some actual situations of the present day, the author occasionally expresses his own view, also based on the experience gained by the Soviet people’s deputies in the USSR, as well as on the positive experience in the work of Czechoslovak people’s councils. In the final part of the paper the author expresses his view of which the central idea is that the expansion of citizens’ participation in controlling the socialist state is not an automatic social activity of people, but a question of increasing the effectiveness and quality of socialist control. Basing upon the above the author comes to the conclusion that the basic problem of direct citizens’ paritcipation in the activities of state and administrative organs is the improved and more effective modern methods and forms of managing, understood as an integral part of development and increase of socialist democracy.
4
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Najvyššie zastupitel’ské orgâny ĆSSR

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Somorovà L., Uniwersytet Pavla Jozefa Šafârika w Koszycach
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
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1991
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vol. 45
EN
In the first part of the paper the author points to the crucial importance of the system of representative bodies as instruments of dictatorship of the proletariat and the basic form of realisation of sovereignty of nations. In view of the above, the legal powers of the representative organs in the Czechoslovak Federation have been particularly emphasized. In the essential part of the paper the author stresses the character of the state authority of the supreme representative organs: the Federal Assembly, the Czech National Council and the Slovak National Council. Basing upon competent legal norms the author specifies the legal powers, organization and influence of those organs on other state organs. The final part of the paper deals with the legal status of deputies to the supreme representative organs, which is presented by means of an analysis of the rights and duties of a deputy to the Federal Assembly.
5
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Postavenie ûstrednÿch orgânov Stâtnej sprâvy v československej federâcii

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Mikołaj M., Uniwersytet Pavla Jozefa Šafârika w Koszycach
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
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1991
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vol. 45
EN
The author analyses the relationship between establishing of new organs of state administration and the idea of the federal state. In the conditions of the federation some relatively independnt systems of central state administration exist, conducted by particular authorities and corresponding representative organs.The competence of federal and republican organs of central state administration is based on the Czechoslovak Federation Act and other legal regulations. The federal structure of the Czechoslovak Federal Republic results in a structure different from that of a Unitarian state. The Czechoslovak Federation Act divided the former Unitarian state functions between the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic on one hand, and the Czech Socialist Republic and the Slovak Socialist Republic on the other. Some matters have been committed to the exclusive competence of the CSSR and others to the joint competence of the CSSR and both republics, or else to the exclusive competence of either republic. The exclusive competence of the federation covers foreign affairs including foreign policy, international contracts, representation of the CSSR and decisions on war and peace, defence of the CSSR, monetary matters, federal state material resources, federal legislation and administration within the competence of the federation, supervision of activity of federal organs, and protection of constitutional principles of the federation. The exclusive competence of the federation is based on the principle that in the above fields only the legislative and executive organs of state authorities, organs of state administration and federal judicial organs may operate. The joint competence of the federation and both republics covers planning, finance matters, banking system, fixing of prices, economic relations with foreign countries, industry, agriculture and food, transport, post office and telecommunication, development of science and technology, capital investments, labour and social policy, statistics, economic arbitration, industrial norms, legal situation of corporations, internal order and safety, the press, supervision. The exclusive competence of republics covers particularly such matters as: the health service, education,, culture, home trade, justice, forestry and water resources, land-surveying and mapping, granting of academic degrees, safety of work. The present development of the system of state administration, from the point of view of its organization, consists of development of traditional forms of state administration, but also gradual establishing and developing of new organs of state administration. This phenomenon is closely accompanied by a process of disappearing of certain previously existing administrative organs.
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