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Kultura i nauka w relacjach między Polską Rzeczpospolitą Ludową i Republiką Włoską w latach 1959–1970

100%
Jarosz D.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
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2018
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vol. 27
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issue 1(52)
41-66
EN
At the beginning of the 60s, the development of Polish-Italian cultural, scientific and technical-scientifi c relations, that already emerged long before, was strengthened. The relevance of those ties was shown by signing on March 25, 1965 of a bilateral cultural agreement (convention, ratified not until 1969) and inter-governmental agreement on technical-scientific co-operation (February 27, 1960). From the very beginning of this period, cultural, scientifi c and technical-scientifi c co-operation programmes were signed. Bilateral co-operation was taking place also beyond the offi cial framework of inter-governmental programmes. An important sign of enlivening of these relations was the opening of an Italian reading room in Warsaw in 1965. The main Polish People’s Republic’s institution dealing with promotion of Polish culture, science and technology in Italy was The Scientifi c Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences, vigorously directed by Professor Bronisław Biliński. From the turn of the 50s and 60s, Polish-Italian cultural contacts were becoming more and more intensive. Polish theatre, cinematography, the arts, classical music and ballet stayed in Italy for good. They gained wide recognition, which were proved by numerous prizes at festivals organised in Italy. More and more fruitful were Polish-Italian scientifi c and technical-scientifi c contacts. Polish and Italian scientists were obtaining opportunities to participate in bilateral scientifi c exchange and visit both countries. In this period relations were established, i.a., among the Polish Academy of Sciences, Italian Accademia dei Lincei and National Council for Scientific Research (CNR), between the Polish Federation of Engineering Associations (NOT) and Federation of Scientific and Technical Associations in Milan (FAST), and between the Italian Atomic Energy Committee (CNEN) and Polish Government Plenipotentiary for Utilization of Atomic Energy. In addition, there was ongoing co-operation among universities of both countries.
2

Historiografia dziejów społecznych Polski w XX wieku po 1989 roku: perspektywy i możliwości badawcze, metodologia

100%
Jarosz D.
Rocznik Antropologii Historii
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2012
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issue 1(2)
289–297
XX
Repritn: Historiografia dziejów społecznych Polski w XX wieku po 1989 r.: perspektywy i możliwości badawcze, metodologia, [w:] Spojrzenie w przeszłość, t. 2, Wiek XIX, XX, red. zespół, Warszawa 2009, s. 219–227.
3
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From the apartment for the worker to the apartment for Kovalsky: concepts and realities of housing in Poland in years 1918-1939 and 1944-1989

100%
Jarosz D.
UR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
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2016
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issue 1
84-93
EN
In pre-war Poland housing for families of modest incomes in towns (chiefly workers) was not the object of particular interest of the state authorities. Direct state involvement in solving the deteriorating conditions of workers’ housing, cooperative building and employer initiatives in providing workers’ housing were of negligible significance. Two factors had a decisive influence on the transformations of this housing policy after World War II : varied war consequences (demographic and wide-scale destruction of the housing stock), and the political concepts of the new Polish authorities. The new housing policy was already formulated in 1944-45. In accordance with the new law, local authorities acquired the right to allocate housing to people whose work required living in towns. The ideological pressure to ensure better housing conditions, above all for industrial workers, caused restrictions on investment opportunities in the private housing sector initiative. It began to change after 1956. The Polish housing question was to be solved by state-subsidised cooperative building . Distinguishing workers as that social group which for ideological reasons deserved privileged access to new housing was ever more frequently replaced in the official language of the authorities with “non-class” distinctions (faceless Mr and Mrs Kovalski). In the end phase of the People’s Republic, workers’ housing conditions bore no comparison to those from before the war. But while the gaps separating them from those of other, higher social strata remained, the disproportions were reduced as compared to those of the prewar period.
PL
W przedwojennej Polsce problem mieszkań dla rodzin miejskich o skromnych dochodach (głównie ro-botników) nie był przedmiotem szczególnego zainteresowania władz państwowych. Bezpośrednia interwencja państwa dla rozwiązania pogarszającej się sytuacji mieszkaniowej robotników, budownictwo spółdzielcze i inicjatywy przedsiębiorców miały niewielkie znaczenie. Na politykę mieszkaniową po II wojnie światowej miały decydujący wpływ dwa czynniki: różnorodne konsekwencje wojny (demograficzne, duża skala znisz-czeń substancji mieszkaniowej) i polityczne koncepcje władz nowej Polski. Nowa polityka mieszkaniowa zo-stała sformułowana już w latach 1944-1945. Zgodnie z nowym ustawodawstwem władze miały prawo przy-dzielania mieszkań osobom, których praca wymagała zamieszkania w mieście. Presja ideologiczna w celu za-pewnienia lepszych warunków mieszkaniowych przede wszystkim dla robotników przemysłowych spowodo-wała zastosowanie restrykcji wobec inicjatywy prywatnej w sektorze mieszkaniowym. Ta polityka zaczęła się zmieniać po 1956 r. Polska kwestia mieszkaniowa miała być rozwiązana przez subsydiowaną przez państwo spółdzielczość mieszkaniową. Wyróżnianie robotników jako tej grupy społecznej, która z przyczyn politycz-nych winna cieszyć się uprzywilejowanym dostępem do nowych mieszkań coraz częściej było zastępowane w oficjalnym języku władz przez dystynkcje „nieklasowe” (anonimowi Kowalscy). W końcowym okresie Polski Ludowej warunki mieszkaniowe robotników były nieporównywalnie lepsze od tych, jakimi cieszyli się przed wojną. Chociaż dystanse oddzielające ich od grup o wyższych statusie społecznym pozostały, to dysproporcje w porównaniu z okresem przedwojennym zostały zredukowane.
4
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Urząd i jego funkcjonowanie: Biuro Listów w Polskim Radiu i Telewizji (1951–1989)

100%
Jarosz D.
Studia Medioznawcze
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2018
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issue 4 (75)
105-116
PL
Tematem artykułu jest analiza funkcjonowania Biura Listów w strukturach Polskiego Radia i Telewizji w latach 1951–1989. Biuro należało do kilku najważniejszych centralnych instytucji w ówczesnej Polsce, do których obywatele PRL pisali najczęściej. Jego funkcjonowanie napotykało na wiele trudności o charakterze organizacyjnym. Listy były podstawą wielu audycji radiowych o charakterze interwencyjnym i biuletynów przeznaczonych dla osób piastujących najważniejsze stanowiska w strukturach władzy
EN
The article aims at analysing the Office of Letters in the structures of the Polish Radio and Television in the period of 1951–1989. The office belonged to several central institutions in Poland, to which the citizens wrote most often. The functioning of the Office faced many difficulties of an organizational nature. Letters were seen to have an impact on radio programs of intervention nature and bulletins for persons holding the most important offices in the country.
5
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Władze polskie wobec problemu roszczeń finansowych w stosunkach z Włochami w latach 1945–1956

63%
Jarosz D., Pasztor M., PAN I. H., Warszawski U.
Studia z Historii Społeczno-Gospodarczej XIX i XX Wieku
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2013
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vol. 11
EN
The sketch is an attempt to present the main financial problems in the Polish-Italian relations from 1945 to 1956. It is based primarily on sources stored in Central Archives of Modern Records and Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Warsaw. The study showed that the main purpose of the Polish authorities was to avoid having to pay the pre-war debts to Italy, and compensation resulting from the adoption of the law on nationalization of industry, from 3 January 1946. For this purpose it was intended to take advantage of the provisions of a peace treaty with Italy, which was ratified by Poland in 1947. Polish-Italian talks on this subject led to a compromise: The Geneva Protocol was initialed on June 3, 1949, in which the Italian government renounced the pre-war debts in exchange for the surrender of the Polish government’s war reparations from Italy. As a result of the increased tension in the international situation, the protocol does not come into force, which increased the difficulties in Polish-Italian trade cooperation.
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Od stanu wojennego do upadku systemu. Z badań nad polsko-francuską współpracą naukową i kulturalną w latach 1981-1989

63%
Pasztor M., Jarosz D.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
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2015
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vol. 24
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issue 1(46)
205-222
XX
Introduction of the martial law in Poland, repressions against political opposition and limitations of civic freedoms strongly affected Polish-French scientific and cultural relations. Representatives of French intellectual elite protested against persecution of their colleagues, actively involved in the activities of political opposition. events organized by the Polish Academy of Sciences Scientific Centre and the Polish Institute in Paris were boycotted. Some cultural manifestations initiated by Polish authorities were challenged by new circles of “Solidarity” political emigration. In the years 1981-1983, official exchange was going through crisis. Some change for the better was noticed in the second half of the 80s. Scientific and cultural exchange was going on more often aside from the planned schedules. This way, French authorities were able to select interesting, in their opinion, partners also among those recruiting from the Polish opposition. The first attempt to abandon isolation in official cultural relations between Poland and France wasan exhibition put on from june 21 to September 26 1983 in the Centre Pompidou in Paris, called “Polish Appearances”. In the 80s France loses its former strong position as a destination of scientific trips. first of all, the potential for co-operation in traditional fields in the humanities and sociology was exhausted. With time, the role of these fields in mutual co-operation diminished in favour of scientific disciplines, technical or medical science. It appears that in this scope France could offer less to Polish scientists than West Germany.
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