Search results

1

Selected risk factors for spastic cerebral palsy in a retrospective hospital–based case control study

100%

Kułak P., Maciorkowska E., Gościk E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2014

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vol. 4

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issue 2

7-13

EN

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is caused by damage to the motor control centers of the developing brain and can occur during pregnancy, during childbirth, or following birth. Purpose: To study the selected risk factors for spastic CP in a retrospective study involving children with CP. Materials and methods: The study population included 92 children with spastic CP. The analysis of data from the case records of both groups included the following: child’s age, gender, pregnancy order, birth order, type of birth, time of birth, Apgar scores, birth weight, epilepsy, and psychomotor development. Results: CP occurred more often in boys. A total of 27 children had congenital hemiplegia, 35 had diplegia, and 30 had spastic tetraplegia. The mean gestational age at birth for children with CP was 35.96 ± 4.2 weeks versus a mean of 39.2 ± 1.4 (p<0.001) for the control group. The mean number of pregnancies and deliveries for mothers of children with CP compared to the control group did not differ significantly. Vaginal births and cesarean sections in the group of children with CP and controls occurred in similar percentages. The birth weight of children with CP (2615.8 ± 935.1) was significantly lower than the birth weight among the control group (3343.2 ± 497) (p=0.04). Almost 40 percent of the children with CP were born to mothers who had preterm labours compared to only 5.2 percent of controls. A mean Apgar score for children with CP (5.9 ± 3.3) at 1 minute was significantly lower than that for children without CP (9.10 ± 1.5) (p<0.001). Of the children with CP, 20 percent had epilepsy; none of the children without CP had epilepsy; 22 percent had slight delays, 17 percent had moderate delays, and 12 percent had severe delays. Conclusions: Gender, prematurity, low birthweight, asphyxia and epilepsy were related to the development of CP.

2

The impact of the disease on functioning of a family with an autistic child

100%

Ślifirczyk A., Krajewska-Kułak E., Brayer A., Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2013

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vol. 3

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issue 2

122-129

EN

Introduction: Scientific communities are beginning to recognize more and more tension, burden and sometimes joy associated with caring for child with autism. Purpose: To determine the impact of the disease on functioning of a family with an autistic child. Material and Methods: We analyzed 83 families with children diagnosed with autistic disease, including 30 Polish families, 25 families from Belarus and 28 families from France. Parents filled in a questionnaire assessing their knowledge about problems associated with raising an autistic child. Results: Parents from Poland found most difficult to accept the child's health condition, and families from France coped with the problem best. For all parents the dominant impression after hearing the diagnosis was shock, French parents were the least likely to associate the disease as a punishment for their sins, which in turn often occurred among respondents from Poland and Belarus. Parents from Belarus frequently complained about problems their autistic child had with learning (about ¾ of responses). While Polish parents surprisingly often recognized as the most onerous carrying out procedures related to the treatment of the child, they often complained about depression, sadness, insomnia. Respondents from Belarus most frequently could enjoy every day. Among the behaviours of autistic children differentiating the examined countries were: disobedience (by far the least indications in France), persistence (the lowest percentage in Belarus) and lies (parents from Poland most often complained about that). Among the parents' reaction to the annoying and stressful child's behaviour the attempts to admonish and explain were dominant, but these were parents from Poland, who frequently admitted that they shoutat the child. Conclusions: Among parents' reaction to the annoying and stressful child's behavior is an attempt to admonish and explain, moreover, Polish parents frequently admit to shout at the child. There are differences in the perception of the problems of parents of autistic children in selected countries, like Poland, France, and Belarus.

3

Eating habits of urban youth aged 16-18

100%

Zalewska M., Zubrycki A., Czarniecka-Bargłowska K., Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2018

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vol. 8(2)

55-61

EN

Introduction: Nutrition is one of the most essential factors conditioning normal human growth and development. Nutritional errors can be the basis for the emergence and development of obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis, osteoporosis or postural defects. Purpose: The study aimed to learn about the dietary habits of urban high-school youth. Materials and methods: The study was conducted using the original questionnaire in 2013 and covered 200 students of randomly selected high schools. Results: Among the subjects, 70.8% consumed 4 or 5 meals during the day. The boys have eaten five meals significantly more often during the day than girls. The first breakfast was consumed by 76.5% of students and the second breakfast with 69.7%. Of the subjects, 80% indicated the eating between meals. The girls preferred sweets, fruit, and sandwiches, and the boys had sandwiches, sweets, and dairy drinks. The highest percentage of the examined youth ate sweets 3-4 times a week (41.6% girls and 35.6% boys). The respondents who consumed fast food once a week constituted of 60.9% of girls and 48.7% of boys. The girls consumed sweetened drinks most often once a week, and boys 3-4 times a week. Conclusions: Nutritional errors of adolescents consisted of irregular consumption of meals, late time of the last meal before bedtime, consumption of a large number of sweet and spicy snacks and sweetened beverages were found. Wrong nutrition concerned both girls and boys

4

Helicobacter pylori in the population of the developmental age

100%

Maciorkowska E., Gładka A., Roszko-Kirpsza I.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2016

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vol. 6(1)

165-170

EN

Helicobacter pylori – Gram-negative rod, discovered more than 30 years ago, has a proven influence on inflammation of gastric and duodenal mucosa. The worldwide prevalence of H. pylori infection in the human population is estimated at 50% and is considered to be one of the most frequent bacterial infections in people. Many studies suggest that infection takes place in the early childhood within the family. The gastric mucosa is its natural habitat. In last time more and more findings about existence of this bacteria in another places of gastrointestinal tract and correlation with many diseases, especially an inflammation of oral cavity. The percentage of H. pylori detectability in the oral cavity ranges from 0 to 100%. Thus, more studies aimed at final determination of the bacterium reservoir in the oral cavity seem to be necessary.

5

The assessment of empathic understanding and control of emotions in parents of children with autism

88%

Ślifirczyk A., Krajewska-Kułak E., Brayer A., Sobolewski M., Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2016

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vol. 6(1)

108-115

EN

Introduction: Problems of families with autism are generally not visible or manifested, but without support, they become economically and educationally inefficient. Purpose: To assess the degree of empathic understanding of the child and the degree of emotional control by parents. Materials and methods: The study included 30 families from Poland, 25 from Belarus and 28 from France. We used Empathy Understanding Others questionnaire (KRE) and The Courtauld Emotional Control Scale (CECS). Results: The most common difficulty reported in the care of a child was gaining his/her independence (66.7% in Poland, 84% in Belarus, 78.6% in France). Parents from Poland more often (26.7%) than others (12% in Belarus, 3.6% in France) pointed out that the disability of a child caused that their friends turned their back to them. 40% of parents from Poland, 60% from Belarus and 57.1% from France claimed that the spouses accept the disability of the child. The disability induced in parents mainly fatigue (76.7% from Poland, 44% from Belarus, 71.4% from France). The level of empathy in Polish (64.2 ± 6.2) and French parents (64.8 ± 11.6) was almost identical, and the highest was among Belarusian parents (70.3 ± 8.3). Overall rate of CECS of the surveyed parents was at the average level (from Poland 47.4 ± 4.9; from Belarus 44.8 ± 6.1, from France 48.1 ± 6.0). Conclusions: Nurses evaluated their own preparation for educational activities usually very low. In the majority they would not want to take up the difficult role of educators of parents of autistic children. Due to a potential contact of a nurse with a child with autism and the child’s family, it is advisable to extend the knowledge of nurses in the care of a child with autism.

6

The quality of life in parents raising children with an autism spectrum disorder from Poland, Belarus and France

88%

Ślifirczyk A., Krajewska - Kułak E., Brayer A., Sobolewski M., Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2016

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vol. 6(1)

102-107

EN

Purpose: To assess the health-related quality of life (HRQL) in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Materials and methods: The sample consisted of 83 families with children with ASD, including 30 families from Poland, 25 from Belarus, and 28 from France. Parental HRQL was surveyed with the World Health Organization Quality of Life–BREF (WHOQOL–BREF) and KINDLR questionnaires. Results: This study showed that Polish parents reported the lowest quality of life according to the WHOQOL–BREF. Parents from Belarus reported slightly worse HRQL than parents from France, though other aspects of quality of life (e.g, social sphere, somatic sphere) did not differ significantly between these parents. Parents from Poland also reported lower HQOL according to the KINDLR questionnaire, while parents from Belarus had a higher HQRL in the mental, physical, and self-esteem domains compared to parents from Poland and France. Conclusion: Parents from Poland with children with ASD reported lower HRQL both on the WHOQOL–BREF and KINDL R questionnaires compared to parents from Belarus and France.

7

Selected nutritional behaviors in children and youth at school age – preliminary study

88%

Abratowska K., Zalewska M., Maciorkowska M., Gładka A., Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2016

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vol. 6(2)

132-140

EN

Purpose: To evaluate diet, frequency and type of products consumed and offered at school shops. Materials and methods: Studies were conducted in 2014 among 159 pupils of three randomly selected schools in Bialystok (elementary school, middle school, and high school). The original anonymous questionnaire was used as a research tool. Analysis of results depending on age of the respondents was performed using contingency tables and Pearson's chi-squared test. For hypothesis testing evaluation, significance level of 0.05 was assumed. Results: Consumption of four or more meals during the day was declared by more than half of respondents. Three meals were consumed by 41.5% of middle school pupils, 29.8% of primary school children, and 27.1% of secondary school pupils. Percentage of pupils eating meals outside the home increased with age. Elementary school pupils (91.5%) took water to school significantly more often than middle school or high school pupils (64.2% and 54.2% respectively) (p<0.05). The highest percentage of pupils buying fast food at school was elementary school children, while sweet rolls were mostly bought by middle school pupils (75.5%). Elementary school pupils (78%) are provided information on healthy eating habits from family and school, while middle school (66%) and high school pupils (74.6%) receive this information from the media and magazines. Conclusions: Dietary mistakes reported in the group of pupils were more pronounced with age of respondents. Buying at school shops was associated with an increase in the amount of junk food at the cost of nutritious food

8

Assessment of parents’ ways of coping with critical situations

88%

Ślifirczyk A., Krajewska-Kułak E., Brayer A., Sobolewski M., Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2016

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vol. 6(1)

116-122

EN

Introduction: Stress experienced by parents of a disabled child can have a negative impact on family relationships. Purpose: Assessment of parents coping with critical situations. Materials and methods: We analyzed 83 families, including 30 families from Poland, 25 families from Belarus and 28 families from France and we used Coping Inventory for Stress Situations (CISS) and The General Self- Efficacy Scale (GSES). Results: After hearing the diagnosis most often parents felt shock (63.3% from Poland, 68% from Belarus and France 85.7%). Main parents' emotions induced by the disability was fatigue (76.7% from Poland, 44% from Belarus and 71.4% from France - p=0.028) and sadness (73.3% from Poland, 40% from Belarus and 28.6% from France - p=0.002). Most often in response to the annoying and stressful child’s behaviour parents tried to admonish (76.7% from Poland, 56% from Belarus and 75% from France) or shout at the child (66.7% from Poland, 24% from Belarus and 17.9% from France p <0.001). The least likely preferred style of coping with stress in all countries was the search for socializing. The highest rate of self-efficiency characterize parents from France, the lowest from Poland. Conclusions: The existence of factors which could significantly affect the level of burn-out syndrome in parents, such as the deterioration of the financial situation (mainly in Belarusian families), sadness, fatigue, insomnia (mainly in Polish families). Parents chose effective strategies of coping, and the predominant style was focused on the task. It has been shown that parents lack the ability to control negative emotions, which in particular affected Polish families (for example, domination of trials to admonish and explain, shouting at the child).

9

Aggression in children and adolescents in rural Poland - where to look for the cause?

76%

Malesińska M., Lewko J., Roszko-Kirpsza I., Marcinkiewicz S., Olejnik B., Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2015

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vol. 5

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issue 2

185-192

EN

The aim of this study was to analyze the causes of aggressive behaviors among children from rural areas, including the role of the environment. We used Pub Med and Google Scholar electronic databases for a literature review. Publications written in English and Polish were included in the analysis. The following keywords were used: aggression, children and adolescents, rural areas. Aggression is a type of negative behavior with the intent to harm or destroy. It usually arises as a direct or delayed effect of frustration or deprivation. The place of residence strongly affects the determinants of risky behaviors in children and adolescents. The most common risk factors for violence among rural children and adolescents include improper parental conduct, failures at school, health-threatening behaviors, violent scenes seen by young people in television programs and films. The changes currently transpiring in rural areas to the traditional family model and increased access to media determine the adoption of behaviors with elements of aggression; although it seems that in rural areas, these phenomena occur much more slowly than in cities. Thus far only a few studies indicated that aggression occurred more frequently among children and adolescents from rural areas. This phenomenon requires further research.

10

Selected nutritional behaviors and physical activity among elementary school children

76%

Zalewska M., Zubrycki A., Sosnowski Z., Jamiołkowski J., Zakrzewski M., Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2017

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vol. 7(1)

131-136

EN

Introduction: Proper nutrition and physical activity are very important elements in the proper functioning and development of children. The lack of daily, systematic physical effort in younger and younger age groups is a public health problem. Purpose: To evaluate the nutrition and physical activity of children attending primary school. Materials and methods: The study was conducted among 707 pupils form randomly selected elementary schools using the authors’ own questionnaire in the school year 2013/2014. The questionnaire included questions on selected dietary habits and physical activity as well as the socio-economic conditions of the families. Results: Among the studied children, 88.6% consumed 4 or 5 meals a day. There was a statistically significant relationship between the number of meals consumed and the age of the children. Breakfast was consumed by 86.4% of children, more often residents of the city than the village (88.0% vs. 81.7%, p <0.05). Daily consum-ption of second breakfast was declared by 71.5% of boys and 74.2% of girls. The vast majority of the studied students (86.8%) have always taken part in physical education classes. Outdoor leisure time was declared by 75% of the surveyed children. Rural students showed greater involvement in outdoor activities than students from the city (86.1% vs. 70.2%, p <0.001). A total of 62.2% of boys and 51.8% of girls (p <0.05) participated in sports activities. Conclusions: Inappropriate nutrition and lack of physical activity affected both girls and boys, and the abnormalities were dependent on where they lived and were age-related.

11

Snacking in children according to age

76%

Pac P., Gładka A., Maciorkowska M., Zalewska M., Musiałowski P., Zakrzewski M., Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2017

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vol. 7(1)

107-113

EN

Introduction: One of the major nutritional mistakes committed by children and adolescents is snacking between meals. Sweet or salty snacks are rich in simple sugars, fats, preservatives and dyes, and poor in minerals and vitamins. Their excessive consumption can lead to the development of diet-related diseases in the future. Purpose: To evaluate the nutrition of children and adolescents with a focus on snacking between meals. Materials and methods: The study included 162 students from Bialystok schools, of which primary school students accounted for 30.2%, junior high school 38.3%, high school 31.5%. The questionnaire used by the authors contained 27 questions. Results: Regular meals were consumed by only 55.1% of primary school students, 35.5% of junior high school, and 37.3% of high school students. Two and fewer meals a day were consumed by 1.6% to 5.8% of the students studied. First breakfast was omitted by 18.4% of the students in elementary school, 16.1% of junior high school, and 15.7% of high school. Second breakfast was omitted by 12.9% to 17.6% of the respondents.Sweet products instead of a second breakfast were consumed by 44.9% of primary school students, 61.3% of junior high school, and 64.7% of high school students. Snacking most often occurred in the respondents' home (69.4% of elementary school students, 43.5% of secondary level students, and 52.9% of high school students). Water in school was drunk by 85.7% of primary level students, 56.5% of junior high school, and 51.0% of high school. The main source of knowledge about nutrition for 61.2% of primary level students was the family, while television, radio, and the Internet were the main sources of knowledge for 62.7% of high school students. Conclusions: The regularity of eating in the study group decreased with the studied students’ age. The most popular products in the group of younger students were salty snacks and sweets. Healthy snacking was observed more frequently in the group of high school students. The main place of snacking was the home. The primary source of knowledge about nutrition for primary school students was the family and for high school students the mass media.

12

The first School of Nursing at the Medical Academy in Bialystok – in memory of Franciszka Bakun

64%

Krajewska-Kułak E., Lewko J., Łukszauk C., Radziejewski P., Karczewski J., Maciorkowska E., Terlikowski S., Szczepański M., Ładny J.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2012

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vol. 2

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issue 2

190-194

EN

Nursing education began at the Medical University of Białystok in 1956, when the Medical Academy in Białystok began its Public School of Nursing. It was organized by the Health Division and Social Care of the Provincial Council in Białystok in agreement with the Academy’s authorities. The aim of the school was the education of a specialist staff of nurses and instructors for the new developing departments of the Medical School. The school conducted its activities until 1959. In 1999, it began a nursing education program at the Medical Academy in Białystok and the Department of Nursing was created at the Medical Faculty. At present, these educational programs are serving the licensing studies of nurses and midwives and the studies for the master’s degree in nursing.

Refine search results

Selected risk factors for spastic cerebral palsy in a retrospective hospital–based case control study

The impact of the disease on functioning of a family with an autistic child

Eating habits of urban youth aged 16-18

Helicobacter pylori in the population of the developmental age

The assessment of empathic understanding and control of emotions in parents of children with autism

The quality of life in parents raising children with an autism spectrum disorder from Poland, Belarus and France

Selected nutritional behaviors in children and youth at school age – preliminary study

Assessment of parents’ ways of coping with critical situations

Aggression in children and adolescents in rural Poland - where to look for the cause?

Selected nutritional behaviors and physical activity among elementary school children

Snacking in children according to age

The first School of Nursing at the Medical Academy in Bialystok – in memory of Franciszka Bakun