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The article focuses on the book production in the 18th century, referring to the preserved documents enabling studies on the publishing process, and the development of book prices at the final period of the noble Polish Republic. Preserved account books present management strategies of publishing companies, the cost of materials, and ways to price the work of typesetters and printers. The other source consists of inserate prints announcing publishing subscriptions, and giving accounts of subsequent editorial and printing works. These materials are extremely valuable, as there are only a very few of them preserved in Poland due to changing fortunes of the printing houses.
EN
The XVII century was the turning point in the polish printing enterprise. Several political, economic and customary changes attributed to changes in the publication repertoire. Source research covering book advertisement and library inventory facilitates the identification of factors that had an impact on its shape. On the one hand, it was the publication policy of the publishing houses striving to satisfy the taste of customers. Subscriptions, especially those by publishers seemed interesting, indicating editions with questionable financial success. The publisher prefered to be protected against inappropriate initiatives, obtain funds from advance payments before carrying out the works. The second research pole covers readers - the presence of religious literature in the libraries of the various social groups reflects interest in this type of literature, and the comparison of the repertoire and readers' reception indicate how these two factors regulated the development of the publishing market in the eighteenth century Poland.
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Osiemnastowieczne prenumeraty literatury pięknej

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EN
Documents of social life are most often used in surveys on published repertoire of the XVIII century. Based on copies of the press and library inventory efforts could be made to identify the circle of readership interest constituted on one side by readers’ tastes and on the other side by the conscious publishers acts. A special position among the surveyed publications is held by, with printers proclamation, subscriptions, signifying a specific tendency manifested in the market: the demand for certain types of writing and at the same time bearing in mind the threat of a financial fiasco that would be prevented by the advance payment from subscribers. Various belles-lettres, from moralizing tales to the master piece of classical literature appeared quite often in press-releases as well as in book collections of the XVIII century. It performed different functions: It indicated upright moral standards, broadened knowledge, enraptured connoisseurs and amused a wide spectrum of readers. It served diverse social and professional groups and definitely constituted an essential part of publication repertoire of this period.
EN
The article is an attempt to answer the question about the purpose of contemporary bibliological research into old books. In addition to strictly research-related assumptions concerning expansion of knowledge of old cultures and presentation of new perspectives, there are also practical considerations. The knowledge of the rules guiding type casters, typesetters and printers in the past may help modern designers of typefaces and publications in developing their skills. Adaptations, especially digital adaptations, of old typefaces require knowledge of old technologies; effective application of type as a means of expression is facilitated by knowledge of its historical determinants; while awareness of the evolution in book layout makes it possible to better design all elements of books. Linking theoretical knowledge and practice may be inspiring not only for designers using old patterns, but also for scholars who, using the modern language of description and modern terminology, may see old books as designs in the fullness of their function.
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Wielogłos
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2012
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vol. 3
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issue 13
PL
A BIBLIOGNOST AT THE CROSSROADS. HOW CAN WE STUDY THE OLD PRINTS TODAY? The article focuses on the description of old print as a graphic project. It emphasizes three aspects of the book: its contents, function and form. It shows a proposal for analysis including print structure and typography. The structure includes: the title page, the publishing framework, additional materials and the main text. In the analysis of typography attention is paid to the typographic means of expression: font, printed surface, light, colour, typographic layout, format, highlighted elements, decorations and illustrations. The design elements, materials used for the book, especially the paper, and the printing technique are also very important.
Wielogłos
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2008
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vol. 1
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issue 3
PL
READERS’ PREFERENCES IN THE LIGHT OF THE RECOVERED LISTS OF SUBSCRIBERSIn her article, the author discusses the problems of readership and book advertising in the 18th century, both of which issues have been relatively little investigated so far. The article constitutes an attempt to present a sociological classification of readership groups, on the basis of the located sources: press announcements, leaflets and lists of subscribers. An analysis of the inventory of works appearing in the form of subscriptions allows one to draw certain hypotheses concerning the popularity of the individual titles. The applied division into religious, political-legal and informative books, as well as literature and scientific publications, allows one to take a closer look at the various groups of readers, also taking into account the interests in various types of writing.
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