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How Would They Transfer the Message Across? From Wendan to Translaten: on the Replacement of Native Forms with a Romance Borrowing

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Esquibel J.

Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies

2015

issue 24/2

79-102

At the dawn of Middle English, the language saw a number of different terms referring to the process of translation. The plethora of terms and meanings seems to mirror the attitude of medieval scribes and authors towards translation, understood as presenting, explaining, and interpreting, and, finally, transferring the message from one language to another. After the Norman Conquest, however, the meaning of ‘transfer between languages’ starts to disappear with the exception of native WENDEN, which is still used in this sense in mid 13th century. Finally, the language borrows the foreign term TRANSLATEN, which at the end of the 13th century starts to function along WENDEN and TURNEN in the meaning of ‘transferring, changing, replacing’, and in the 14th century acquires the literal meaning of ‘translate’, marginalizing or eliminating older forms. The paper focuses on the loss of the meaning ‘to translate’ from the semantic domains of the native verbs and the pattern of its replacement by the foreign term to indicate ‘transfer of a message between two languages.’

Æfter/ra in the Lindisfarne Gospels: On the Plethora of Its Meanings and Uses in the English Gloss

63%

Esquibel J., Wojtyś A.

Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies

2016

issue 25/2

117-138

The present study aims at discussing the use of the Old English ÆFTER in the glosses to the Lindisfarne Gospels, in order to establish patterns of equivalence between the OE gloss and an array of Latin source terms it renders. We are particularly interested in examining the consistency of such glossing, which would allow us to demonstrate the basic and peripheral senses of ÆFTER as well as its synonyms used in the collection. In an attempt to provide ground for a wider discussion of possible patterns in Old English gloss translation, the study compares the Aldredian employment of æfter and its forms with their use in the Rushworth Gospels, reportedly based on the Lindisfarne collection. The data for the present study come from the Dictionary of Old English Corpus (henceforth DOEC), analyzed with AntConc, a corpus analysis toolkit developed by Laurence Anthony. The findings are further supplemented with a close analysis of the editions by Skeat (1970), as well as the digitalized manuscript of the Lindisfarne Gospels available at Turning The Pages™, British Library.

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2 Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies

2 Esquibel J.

1 Wojtyś A.

1 2016

1 2015

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How Would They Transfer the Message Across? From Wendan to Translaten: on the Replacement of Native Forms with a Romance Borrowing

Æfter/ra in the Lindisfarne Gospels: On the Plethora of Its Meanings and Uses in the English Gloss