Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 13

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

THE CATEGORY OF MODALITY IN SLOVAK CARPATHIAN ROMANI

100%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2006
|
vol. 15
|
issue 1
73 - 79
EN
The modality, that is the indispensability, possibility and intentionality of carrying out the content of the predicate, is expressed within the predicational component of the illocutionary act. The Slovak Carpathian Romani does not have any modal verbs of its own to express indispensability (must, to have to) and possibility (can, be able to). These modal relations are most often expressed either by borrowed modal verbs ('musinel' - must, to have to), by particles ('musaj' - must, 'saj/nasti' - can/cannot), or with the help of other lexical means ('kampel' - it is necessary, 'jel' - to be). The possibility to carry out some action is expressed in various ways depending on the further specification of the possibility. When expressing indispensability and possibility the subject is usually the one carrying out the process expressed by the autosemantic verb and at the same time the bearer of modal disposition for carrying it out expressed by the modal verb. When expressing intentionality (to want), we also frequently find cases where the subject carrying out the action expressed by a particular verb form is not identical with the bearer of modal disposition.
2

REDUPLICATION OF VERBAL FORMS IN BENGALI

100%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2013
|
vol. 22
|
issue 2
173 – 207
EN
The study examines the reduplication of non-finite verbal forms (the imperfective participle, perfective participle), verbal roots and finite verbal forms in Bengali. It points out various constraints which apply to the reduplication and classifies types of reduplication of verbal forms. Alongside total reduplication (pure and superadded) and partial reduplication, a definition is also provided for medial reduplication, which is applied in the reduplication of verbs formed by a verb which is joined to other word classes, most often substantives. The functions of particular types of verbal reduplications are also analysed.
3

IMPACT OF LANGUAGE IDEOLOGIES ON THE LANGUAGE PRACTICES OF ROMA IN SLOVAKIA

100%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2018
|
vol. 27
|
issue 2
192 – 215
EN
This study aims to attempt to elucidate how a complex network of language ideologies affects the attitudes of the language community of the Roma in Slovakia towards Romani and how certain language ideologies lead to particular language practices depending on how they represent the interests of an individual (or a group). As language ideologies related to the Roma’s attitudes to Romani and their communication practices represent a complex system of interrelated ideologies, two language ideologies shall be defined as fundamental for the purposes of this study: the ideology of a minority language and the ideology of the language of a national minority. These two ideologies shall be understood as opposing each other. The ideology of a minority language carries negative connotations. It is characterized mainly by the view of Romani as an inferior language, which is shared by the majority population and consequently also by some members of the minority group. This ideology is related to accepting the absolute dominance of the official state language, the ideology of the harmfulness of bilingualism, and the ideology of language assimilation. The ideology of the language of a national minority, on the other hand, has some positive connotations. It includes the ideology of a fully-fledged language, the ideology of the equality of all languages, the ideology of standard language, or the ideology of children’s right to education in their mother tongue. Both fundamental language ideologies are framed by the ideology of official language and the ideology of bilingualism, which acquire different manifestations in these systems.
4

“SHOULD SOUTH INDIANS LEARN HINDI? WHY OR WHY NOT?”

100%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2020
|
vol. 29
|
issue 2
204 – 238
EN
The complicated linguistic situation in India, which is a consequence of the great number of languages in the country and their different status, is regulated by the Constitution of India of 1950. It declares Hindi and English to be the official languages of the Republic of India. Besides these two, it mentions another 122 languages (22 scheduled and 100 non-scheduled ones). The language policy of the Union is further particularized by other laws and regulations, which are issued by the Department of Official Language, and the president’s acceptances of language acts and recommendations. Regulations sporadically spark discussions on language. People usually hear from politicians, members of relevant commissions, and journalists, but the views of ordinary speakers of Indian languages are far less known. They are the subject of my analysis of the Internet discussion which appeared on Quora Digest in 2014 ̶ 2017 in response to the actions of Prime Minister Narendra Damodardas Modi and President Pranab Mukherjee, who, in 2014 and 2017 respectively, advocated a wider use of Hindi. The participants in the discussion respond to the question: “Should South Indians learn Hindi? Why or why not?”, which eventually sparked questions about whether they really want to consider themselves as Indians and why South Indians do not learn Hindi if they can learn English. Its analysis is summarized in the following sections: I. Hindi as the official/national language of the Republic of India; II. Reasons to learn/not learn Hindi, the quality of Hindi instruction; III. Attitudes towards native Hindi speakers; IV. Attitudes towards English; V. Attitudes towards the need for one common language for the whole Union.
5

IDEOPHONES IN BENGALI

100%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2014
|
vol. 23
|
issue 1
1 – 36
EN
This paper defines ideophones as onomatopoeic words that evoke the idea of a perception mediated by different senses, the idea of a mental or physical sensation, or the idea of a state or a manner of action. The paper aims to call attention to the phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic properties of Bengali ideophones which make them a distinct word-class in Bengali.
6

ON THE CATEGORY OF ASPECT IN BENGALI

100%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2010
|
vol. 19
|
issue 1
109-133
EN
Although, in some languages, the research of the category of aspect goes as far back as the end of the 19th century, for the new Indian languages this is a relatively new problem. It started to pay attention to aspect only as late as in the middle of the 20th century, and relatively little research has been done in this area up to now. This also applies for Bengali, where within investigating this verbal category several approaches have appeared. The aim of the article is to present a brief survey of the history of the research of aspect in Bengali as well as on the basis of existing findings. The authoress analyses Bengali texts to provide her own view of the means which expressed this semantic category in the Bengali language.
7

EXPRESSING THE PAST ACTIONS AND STATES IN BENGALI

100%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2009
|
vol. 18
|
issue 2
190-209
EN
The aim of this paper is to show which tenses are used to describe past actions and states in Bengali. The authoress' conclusions are based on the analysis of text by four Bengali authors and on descriptions introduced in some Bengali grammars.
8

THE FIRST USE OF THE ROMANI LANGUAGE IN GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS IN SLOVAKIA

100%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2010
|
vol. 19
|
issue 2
331-343
EN
The aim of the paper is to analyse the linguistic features of the Romani census materials from 2001, which represent the first official use of the Romani language in government documents in the Slovak Republic. Although just a particular set of texts will be analysed in the paper we believe that the census forms can be looked at in more general terms as reflecting the present possibilities of the Romani language to be used for the official administrative purposes. It can be assumed that the situation has not changed much during the last nine years which have elapsed since the origin of the census forms. Although the standardization of the Romani language was declared in 2008 and a set of particular books has been published (The Rules of Romani Orthography, The Textbook of Romani, The Conversational Lexicon of Romani Grammar) on this occasion, there is no special institution that would systematically care for the development of the Romani language, especially for its terminology.
9

ABSTRACT NOUNS IN SLOVAK ROMANI

100%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2012
|
vol. 21
|
issue 2
125 – 151
EN
This study aims to describe the onomasiological structure of abstract nouns in Slovak Romani. The onomasiological base of this structure is represented by the formants -(i)ben, -(i)pen or -(i)šagos, and the onomasiological mark by bases of different parts of speech such as verbs, adjectives, past participles, adverbs, nouns, pronouns, prepositions, numerals or particles. The study focuses especially on an analysis of names of actions and names of qualities, which constitute the richest subgroup of abstract nouns. The object of analysis is onomasiological marks – motivating words, which are the main indicator of the meaning of action or the meaning of quality of an abstract noun. In some cases they are transpositions from motivating words into abstract nouns; in others new naming units are generated to refer to new content and express new meanings. What then plays a significant role in determining the meaning of an abstract noun is context.
10

VERBAL CONJUNCTS IN SLOVAK ROMANI

100%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2016
|
vol. 25
|
issue 2
249 – 265
EN
A verbal conjunct is a multi-word (analytical) naming unit, which can be formed in Romani by joining a formative verb with a noun (lel goďi “to contemplate”, literally “to take reason”), with an adjective (ačhel korkoro “to be left alone”, literally “to be lonely”), with an adverb (ačhel palal “to be late”, literally “to be in the back”) and, in some specific cases, also with a verb (del te šunel “to show/manifest”, literally “to give to feel”). A verbal conjunct constitutes a complex unit, both from a lexical (it has a verbal meaning as a whole) and a syntactic point of view (it functions as a constituent of a sentence - predicate). Its grammatical categories, i. e., its person, number and tense, are expressed in the formative verb, which can also serve to express the lexical-grammatical category of progressivity or regressivity of a verbal action (del kejčeň “to lend”, lel kejčeň “to borrow”, kerel žužo “to make sth clear”, ačhel žužo “to clear up”) and aspectuality (the spatial orientation of action “out of”: čhivel avri andal o them “to banish”, čhivel e jakh avri “to peep out”; inchoativeness: thovel roviben “to burst into tears”). The lexical meaning of the formative verb is significantly weakened or completely lost in the verbal conjunct. The lexical meaning of the verbal conjunct is therefore often based on its non-verbal component (chal dar “to fear”, literally “to eat fear”), or both components lose their original meaning in the resultant phraseological unit (čhivel phuripen “to make excuses”, literally, “to throw old age”).
11

THE VOLUNTATIVE MODALITY IN BENGALI

100%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2008
|
vol. 17
|
issue 2
137 - 154
EN
The aim of this paper is to show what means are used to express voluntative modality in the Bengali language. The article presents a detailed analysis of lexico-syntactic means (modal verbs and modal auxiliaries in construction with infinitives or verbal nouns), of morphological means (the moods), and of lexical means (verbs, nouns, and adjectives). It shows that the means of expressing voluntative modality in Bengali are numerous and varied. Most frequently they express various shades of specific modal relations. On the other hand, one and the same modal expression can be used to express various kinds of modal meaning (for instance, the notional verb in the infinitive form combined with the verb para can express possibility, permissibility as well as ability to perform an action).
12

CLASSIFIERS IN BENGALI

100%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2007
|
vol. 16
|
issue 2
125 - 137
EN
Classifiers are affixes that categorize entities into common classes on the basis of shared properties. They are characteristic features of many Asian, American, and African languages. Though typically not occurring in Indo-European languages, they can be found in the Eastern group of New Indo-Aryan languages, namely Assamese, Oriya and Bengali. Emaneau pointed out that they probably started to be used under the influence of Southeast Asian languages in India. According to Chatterji in Bengali they were in use as early as its middle period (1200-1800). This study attempts to provide information on the present occurrence and usage of classifiers in Bengali. The conclusions are based on the analysis of texts by seven Bengali authors. The relevant affixes are regarded as classifiers when they are attached to a noun and as numeral classifiers when they are attached to numerals. In the latter case they occur in various syntactic constructions. Besides their main function of classifying objects into classes Bengali classifiers serve as definitives, substantivizators and noun substitutes.
13

ON THE VITALITY AND ENDANGERMENT OF THE ROMANI LANGUAGE IN SLOVAKIA

63%
Rácová A., Samko M.
Asian and African Studies
|
2017
|
vol. 26
|
issue 2
185 – 208
EN
Linguists expect that 90 ̶ 95% of 6,000 ̶ 7,000 languages worldwide may vanish in the course of this century, which may also lead to a loss of the unique identities, cultures, and traditions that these languages embody. According to criteria proposed by a UNESCO commission, various languages face different degrees of endangerment at present. The Romani language is classified as ‘definitely endangered’, which is Degree 3 in the UNESCO’s classification system. The present article will focus on a detailed evaluation of the general socio-linguistic situation of the Romani language in Slovakia, its causes and consequences, which contribute to its level of endangerment and which have led linguists to classify the language as definitely endangered. The article will be framed mainly by a consideration of the factors as defined by a study drafted by the above mentioned UNESCO commission, namely intergenerational language transmission, absolute number of speakers, proportion of speakers within the total population, trends in existing language domains, response to new domains and media, materials for language education and literacy, governmental and institutional attitudes and policies, including official status and use, and community members’ attitudes toward their own language. We will draw on published materials on the status and use of the Romani language in Slovakia as well as on the results of the field research that we conducted in 2015 by means of individual semi-structured interviews.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.