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EN
The aim of this study is to analyse the course of the November Revolution in 1989 in the conditions of Czech and Slovak cities. It was the spread of the revolution beyond the two main cities – Prague and Bratislava – that was the key condition for its national success. It was important for the success of the revolution at the local level that the most socially important part of society – the workers – also opposed the communist regime, but also that in each city there was a potential group of citizens willing to overcome their fear and high level of risk and become civically engaged. The study is based on the already very large regional or national literature on the November 1989 events in Czech and Slovak cities, as well as on personal accounts of the actors of the revolutionary changes, which allows us to convey not only the course of November 1989, but also its atmosphere, including the general strike. The study also includes a reminder of the significance of the events of November 1989 for local historical memory and contemporary political identity.
EN
The aim of this study is to prove that while Prague was an important centre of anti-regime activities, there was just as strong opposition also outside the capital city. Originally it was mostly apolitical. People “only” wanted to live freely and carry on their own activities – organize themselves, develop their own artistic activities, protect the environment or practice their religion. However, this already brought them into political conflict with the regime, which paradoxically prepared its own opposition. The role of the non-Prague dissidents and their activities was fundamental not only before November 1989 in the process of eroding communist rule, but also for the success of the November revolution as such. If there had been support for the regime outside Prague, the Velvet Revolution might have turned out entirely differently.
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