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EN
With transition process in Slovenia, starting in 1991, also care for older people was considerably transformed. Policy measures and new services for older people living at home and their informal, mostly family, carers were the most essential contribution in this area. Social home care, as one of these services, is the focus of the paper. The first Slovenian representative survey of social home care users (2013) was used to assess the care arrangements among users of social home care. Multiple cluster analysis for symbolic data (no care, formal care only, informal care only, mixed care) carried out on 22 activities of daily living, discovered five groups of social home care users. Clusters were empirically aligned with availability of informal care network and need for care. Care arrangements empirically show compensatory and supplementary function of formal care in complementary model. Social home care was the most frequently selected additional source of care in assessment of future need for care across all clusters, with informal network being the second most frequently selected source.
PL
W 1991roku w Słowenii rozpoczął się proces transformacji, któremu towarzyszyła spora zmiana modelu opieki nad starszymi osobami: nowe usługi dla osób starszych mieszkających w domu i ich nieformalnych, w wielu przypadkach spokrewnionych, opiekunów. Tematem artykułu jest opieka domowa oparta na zasadach pomocy społecznej, stanowiąca jedną z tych nowych usług. Pierwsze reprezentatywne badanie dotyczące użytkowników tej formy opieki domowej dla Słowenii (2013) zostało wykorzystane do przeprowadzenia oceny obejmującej osoby powiązane z opieką domową. Analiza wielu podzbiorów (Multiple cluster analysis) danych symbolicznych (brak opieki, wyłącznie formalna opieka, wyłącznie nieformalna opieka, opieka mieszana) przeprowadzona dla 22 codziennych czynności wykazała, że istnieje pięć grup osób działających w ramach usług społecznych opieki domowej. Podzbiory empirycznie przyporządkowano do dostępności sieci opieki nieformalnej i zapotrzebowania na opiekę. Ustalenia w zakresie opieki empirycznie wykazują funkcję kompensacyjną i uzupełniającą opieki formalnej w komplementarnym modelu. Opiekun domowy świadczący usługi społeczne był najczęściej wybieranym dodatkowym źródłem opieki w ramach oceny przyszłego zapotrzebowania na opiekę wśród wszystkich podzbiorów, natomiast sieć nieformalna stanowiła drugie najczęściej wybierane źródło.
PL
In recent years, demographical changes have posed a significant interest for social work. The primary aim of social work as a science and as a profession is to ensure the social participation of all people on all levels of society: micro, meso and macro. Social work is therefore connected not just with individuals and families, but also with communities and society as a whole. This paper presents how this characteristic of social work in homes for the older people infl uence on the transformation of Slovenian institutional care from primary residential care to centres of care for the older people. Th e signifi cant impact is in the diff erence of social work between socially and medically oriented homes. Th e diff erence lies in social work methods as well as in the roles of the social worker in different areas of work with the residents, relatives and staff . This approach enables the provision of holistic care for the older people in institutions and in the community. Slovenian homes for the older people with existing and planned forms of assistance in the community demonstrate that institutional care is not necessarily linked only to the classical care in an institution. The transformation of homes enables the development of new forms of care for older adults both inside and outside each home for the older people
EN
The elderly are in many ways more vulnerable than other groups in society. To research the vulnerabilities of the elderly, this article works with the concept of social exclusion. It analyses social exclusion using a mixed-method model drawing on secondary quantitative data combined with in-depth interviews. The quantitative data were used to identify which areas of social exclusion particularly affect older people in Slovenia. The areas observed in the study were material deprivation, spatial exclusion, poor health and access to health care, housing exclusion and interpersonal exclusion, and the first three areas were identifi ed as the most problematic and widespread. The strategies the elderly use to cope with social exclusion were analysed using qualitative data and the grounded theory approach. In all areas various coping strategies were observed that indicate that the elderly are actively trying to improve their situation. It also seems that similar strategies are employed in different areas of social exclusion, the most important of them being strategies based on individuals’ capacities and social networks.
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