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EN
The author discusses an always relevant problem of the model of the procedure for dissolving marriage. The problem is analyzed from the point of view not only of law, but also social sciences, primarily, psychology. He observes a presence of a dominant tendency nowadays to deemphasize the meaning of marriage and family, and to succumb to crisis and file for a divorce for banal reasons. The so called pro-divorce mentality translates into a tendency observed among judges to favour divorce. On the other hand, the author assesses the legal acts referring to divorce cases as reasonable, i.e. neither favoring nor facilitating divorce. Therefore, a need is emphasized to change the approach to the family in a critical situation. He suggests that in a family court instead of settling family legal problems an attempt should be made to solve them. To this effect, in local communities, special groups comprising psychologists, pedagogues, lawyers, social workers and other specialists should be set up. The ultimate goal for the groups would be to try to reconcile the spouses, to help them solve their family problems, including assistance in dealing with all divorce procedures. People dissatisfied with the proposal suggested by such a group might have a right to file a case in court. In court the proceedings should be held in compliance not with the so far applied adversarial principle but with the conciliatory principle.
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EN
The article discusses the relation between law and pedagogy as well as between lawyers (theoreticians and practitioners) and pedagogues (theoreticians and practitioners). The author describes the manifestations of the current legal crisis and indicates how this process affects social life, particularly its pedagogical aspect. In his opinion, law should ensure freedom of pedagogical initiatives instead – as the dominant trend dictates – restrain them. The article is a changed version of a lecture delivered on the occasion of a jubilee of Professor Wiesław Ambrozik, held on 16 November 2017, in Collegium Minus, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań.
EN
The article deals with the evolution of foster care, especially its legal aspect. The author refers to the idea of protection of human rights and the principle of subsidiarity as philosophical grounds for the functioning of this institution. Foster care can assume either the form of kinship placement (foster families, family-type children’s home) or an institutional form (various types of institutional establishments). The law prefers kinship placement, but the author emphasizes that in fact the best form of foster care is the one which in a specific situation offers the greatest chance of the child’s return to its family. The Act on Supporting the Family and the System of Foster Care passed on 9th June 2011 is evidence of the functioning of foster care first and foremost as a form of supporting the family.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy ewolucji pieczy zastępczej, w tym zwłaszcza prawnego jej aspektu. Autor wskazuje na ideę ochrony praw człowieka i zasadę pomocniczości jako filozoficzny fundament jej funkcjonowania. Piecza zastępcza może mieć formę rodzinną (rodziny zastępcze i rodzinne domy dziecka) oraz instytucjonalną (różnego typu placówki instytucjonalne). Prawo preferuje formy rodzinne, jednak autor podkreśla, że najlepszą formą jest ta, która w konkretnej sytuacji daje największe szanse powrotu dziecka do rodziny. Uchwalona 9 czerwca 2011 r. Ustawa o wspieraniu rodziny i systemie pieczy zastępczej jest dowodem na kontynuację funkcjonowania pieczy zastępczej jako przede wszystkim formy wspierania rodziny.
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Z dziejów niemieckiego hymnu

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EN
This article follows up on a thorough review and analysis of Polish and German literature on the subject matter of national anthems. The aim of the author was to familiarize readers with the origins of national anthems of the major European countries, notably that of Germany. Throughout this paper, the main focus is the origins of the Deutschlandlied as well as other popular songs such as Heil Dir im Siegenkranz, Wacht Am Rhein , Horst-Wessel-Lied of the Nazi era and Auferstanden aus Ruinen, the national anthem of the German Democratic Republic.
EN
German athletes came first in the medal tally of the Summer Olympic Games only once, in 1936 in Berlin. However, the team of the FRG, GDR or Germany came first in the medal tally of the Winter Games five times. In the all-time tally German athletes hold the third position, overtaken only by teams from the USA and Russia (USSR). This shows that for over a century Germany has played a leading role in the Olympic Games and is a sport power.
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