Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 14

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
A Chair of Historical Monuments and Conservation was founded by professor J. Remer at the end of 1945 in the Department of Fine Arts at the M. Kopernik University in Toruń. Today, this academic centre which specialises in training conservators as well as in research concerning sciences dealing with historical monuments and their conservation is fifty years old. The anniversary creates an excellent opportunity for recalling the origin, programme premises and present-day activity of the centre and, above all, for presenting its current research accomplishments. This purpose is to be served both by the introduction and the articles contained in our publication. The origin of the Toruń centre dates back to an earlier era, and is connected with the Stefan Batory University in Wilno where already in 1922 the protection and conservation of historical monuments was part of the didactic programme of the Department of Fine Arts which included only general and theoretical aspects of the issue. The second world war put a halt to the activity pursued by Wilno University while the post-war shifting of state frontiers compelled both professors and students to make their way to Toruń where they comprised the core of the newly founded University (1945). Here, many of the scientific and didactic projects initiated in Wilno, including courses on the conservation of historical monuments, were continued by J. Remer and S. Narybski who before the war lectured at the Stefan Batory University. Initially, the programme closely resembled the one followed in Wilno. The courses did not propose a distinct specialisation but supplemented the general programme of the Department of Fine Arts, whose prime intention was to train artists. Nonetheless, already in 1947 the opening of a Workshop of Painting Technology, headed by I. Torwirt, essentially expanded courses on the conservation of historical monuments so as to prepare the students for the practical conservation of sculpture and painting. From that time on, the programme offered by the Department of Fine Arts disclosed a clear-cut distinction between the group of didactic courses concentrated on the training of artists and those dealing with conservation research and undertakings. In 1950, the Department introduced two separate types of courses — artistic-pedagogic and conservation-museum. The latter was soon divided into three specialisations: conservation, museums and the technologies and techniques of painting. The first specialisation prepared the staff of conservation offices for research and documentation. The second specialisation enabled students to become members of a professional museum personnel. Finally, the third specialisation guaranteed the winning of knowledge and skills necessary for the practical conservation of paintings and sculpture. Final changes which took place in 1969 ensured a uniform organisational framework for all units of the Department which take part in the training of conservators and museum personnel, and conduct suitably oriented research. Due to subsequent transformations and slightly later modifications, the Institute of Historical Monuments and Conservation now contains seven departments: Painting Technologies and Techniques, the Conservation of Paintings and Polychrome Sculpture, the Conservation of Paper and Leather, the Conservation of Architectonic Elements and Details, Conservation, Museums, and the History of Art. This structure is supplemented by a separate Photographic Atelier. The Institute trains about 300 students and employs 70 lecturers representing various specialisation as well as over 30 members of the technical and administration staff. The didactic programme takes into consideration two trends: 1) the Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art, with three specialisations: - paintings and polychrome sculpture - paper and leather, - stone sculpture and architectonic elements; 2) the Protection of Cultural Property, with two specialisations: - Conservation, - Museums. Thanks to such an expanded and interdisciplinary structure, based on a number of laboratories and art ateliers, the Institute has created not only a foundation for supporting its didactic activity but also an efficient research workshop which serves the implementation of wider scientific projects concerning primary problems of conservation. In this way, an organic unity of scientific research and didactics has been achieved. Such a structure makes possible a creative development of a conception, launched already in the previous century, of the exploitation of the methods and results of the exact sciences, and, in particular, chemistry, physics and biology, for the examination of the history of art and the perfection of the methods and measures of conservation diagnostics and theory. The Toruń centre developed this conception in a consistent and dynamic manner, primarily in a well-organised institutional sense without, however, abandoning any of the valuable elements of the traditional workshop of the conservator, artist or researcher who applies methods provided by the humanities. The didactic programme of the institute has been adjusted to this interdisciplinary research structure. It allows the students to become acquainted both with the elements of the humanities and the exact sciences, and to win technical an artistic skills
EN
The establishment of a suitable law on the protection of cultural property is a difficult and laborious undertaking. It is not surprising, therefore, that heretofore work on its successive projects and accompanying debates did not end with full success. Nonetheless, their results proved to be of use, since they mobilised the concentration of the conservation milieu, stimulated the activity of the authorities, and, predominantly, made it possible to formulate numerous problems calling for legal regulation. Upon this basis, the author considers a number of motifs which, in his opinion, are of particular importance for further w ork and discussions on the law. Some of his reflections concern the legislation technique alone, e. g. the division of issues requiring legal regulation into those qualified for statuary solutions and those which can be resolved by means of acts of a lower rank. Moreover, the au th o r postulates a combination of the crucial points of the statute with the resolutions of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Further themes of the reflections refer to fundamental conceptual and terminological questions, whose definition will exert a decisive impact on the manner in which the law in question is to function. Within this range, the author places in the foreground a conceptual and terminological distinction of two autonomous albeit closely overlapping spheres, chosen from all the ventures serving the preservation of cultural heritage. They include legal-administrative efforts, which can be implemented solely by state bodies upon the basis of rights due exclusively to them, and a sphere of all other activities, whose realisation does n o t call for such privileges, but only for suitable p ro fessional qualifications. Furthermore, the author draws attention to the fact that heretofore studies and discussions ignored a number of essential details. By way of example, they did not introduce an extremely important entry p ro claiming that the protection of cultural heritage is of great significance for public interest. The article ends with a call for the continuation and expansion of w orks and debates on the future shape of the statute.
10
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Jerzy Frycz (1927-1985)

75%
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.