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EN
This article presents the cultural factors which contribute to understanding psychological health and pathology. The definitions of understanding psychological health and ways of approaching treatment were analysed, with particular emphasis on the role of religion. Understanding health and pathology was analysed from the perspective of the distinction between illness and disease. Four academic disciplines tackling this topic – psychology of religion, cultural psychology, indigenous psychology and clinical psychology – were presented as specific ways of approaching a conceptualisation of the above problems.
EN
The first part of this article aims at locating the experiences of Polish migrants attending Philip course – a three-day event run by the charismatic group Cor et Lumen Christi - within wider context of charismatic movement. The second part is an attempt to describe the course and to analyse its form and content with a focus on the experiences of people participating in the course. The aim here is to capture the socially constructed meaning of that experience as embedded in the social and institutional context of migration and structural developments of the Catholic Church catering for religious needs of Polish migrants in the UK.
EN
Most intercultural competence models have been developed by Western experts based on Western theory and Western cultural values, and they are not culturally specific models. The lack of non-Chinese researchers to study and contribute to the construction of intercultural competence from a Chinese-perspective is a serious shortcoming, and most of the models developed by Chinese scholars are a replica of the Western models. A Chinese-perspective of intercultural competence model is indeed needed to reinterpret concepts and theories that are coined in the West, which are then widely used and generalized without any concrete-solid bases of their universality. This paper deployed empirical study methods to analyze the content of the literature to understand the construct of Chinese-perspective intercultural competence models. Eight Chinese-perspectives of intercultural competence models formulated by Chinese scholars between 1998 and 2013 have been identified, two of them are researched in English, while six others are in Chinese. As a result, there are no significant differences in the components of those eight models, as most Chinese scholars agree that cognitive ability, emotional management and communication skills are three of the major components which constitute the Chinese version of intercultural competence models. This research is timely, and is worth conducting, due to increased Chinese investments throughout the world, and the power and influence of China as the world’s largest economy. The results could be used as a guiding operational scheme to prepare business partners from both sides for successful cooperation. However, one should recommend, in future research, that there be a comparison of Chinese-perspective models with Western-perspective models in order to delve deeper into the construct of the models to examine the degree to which the Chinese and Western-perspective of intercultural competence are complementary and compatible with each other.
EN
The aim of this study was to explore issues related to emigration of Polish Professional and their return to Poland. The reasons, perceived advantages and disadvantages of each departure and return, as well as further life plans were examined. The research was carried out using semi- structured interviews, the contents of which were then subject to qualitative analysis. The results indicated the desire for personal and professional development as major goals of emigration. Reasons for returning to Poland included: a desire to function in the circle of close friends and family, to prevent child marginalization among peers in the country of migration and to maintain ties with Poland. The professionals researched during their stay abroad were positive about their decision to migrate. Return to Poland is perceived by them as a challenge because of the difficulty of finding employment in line with their very specialized professional competence gained during their time abroad. However, the professionals studied after returning to Poland were mostly well adapted to this situation.
EN
Detailed analysis of the research results pertaining to the role of religion in acculturation process of Poles in UK clearly points to the fact that Polish priest become a key person for understanding dynamic of acculturation process of both groups: immigrants and host population. Therefore the following perspectives on the role of Polish priest will be provided: • Perspective of Polish priests working in UK • Perspective o Polish parishioners • Perspective of British parishioners • Perspectives of Polish church hierarchy • Perspectives of British Church hierarchy • Perspectives of British priest with whom Polish priest shares work in the parish Paper points to various difficulties in fulfilling expectations of different groups towards Polish priests, conflictual characteristic of priest’s role, and deficits in proper preparation of priests for their work in UK. As the theoretical background of the process The Interactive Acculturation Model ( Bourhis, Moise, Perreault, Senecal 1997) will be employed. The model points to the influence of host population on the final outcome of acculturation process of newly arriving group.
EN
For a couple of years there have been a new group of school children in Poland who are very likely not to be noticed by the teaching staff, since they look like any other regular member of the class. Those children – called sometimes “invisible migrants” – are children from Polish families who have returned to Poland after a period of living abroad. After their return to Poland they are obviously enrolled into Polish schools. Unfortunately, their experiences with classmates and teachers are not always positive. Their proficiency in Polish is often not sufficient, they lack some knowledge required in the school curriculum and they often have limited cultural competencies (like addressing teachers in appropriate forms or refusing to let their schoolmates cheat during exams). Consequently, they are suffering from multiple (often intersectional) discrimination from both their peers and teachers. The paper presents some excerpts from interviews with children and their parents with a detailed analysis of such experiences.
PL
Celem badań, które zostały przeprowadzone w ramach projektu (Nie)łatwe powroty do domu. Badanie funkcjonowania dzieci i młodzieży powracających z emigracji, było zdiagnozowanie sytuacji dzieci i młodzieży powracających do Polski i opisanie jej z różnych perspektyw: dziecka, rodzica, nauczyciela/ki, a także osób pracujących w poradniach psychologiczno-pedagogicznych. W badaniach wzięło udział 34 dzieci, 27 rodziców oraz 26 nauczycieli. Z respondentami i respondentkami przeprowadzono częściowo pogłębione wywiady, a z pracownikami Poradni Psychologiczno-Pedagogicznych wywiady focusowe oraz badanie ankietowe.Wyniki badań wskazują na występowanie dyskryminacji w stosunku do dzieci powracających w polskich szkołach. Przybiera ona różne formy: od nieuwzględniania przez szkołę ich specjalnych potrzeb edukacyjnych, przez etykietowanie, po przemoc słowną albo fizyczną ze strony rówieśników. Badania pokazują również, że często kadra szkolna nie tylko nie reaguje adekwatnie na przemoc stosowaną względem tej grupy dzieci, ale sama dopuszcza sie takiej przemocy w sposób nieświadomy. Sytuacja ta może wynikać zarówno z braku przygotowania nauczycieli do pracy z dzieckiem z doświadczeniem migracyjnym w ramach studiów, a także z braku dostępu do szkoleń na temat edukacji antydyskryminacyjnej.
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