Search results - CEJSH

1

THE SHARING OF PROFESSIONAL AND HOUSEHOLD DUTIES WITHIN POLISH COUPLES - PREFERENCES AND ACTUAL CHOICES

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Matysiak A.

Studia Demograficzne

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2005

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issue 1(147)

122

EN

The objective of the paper is to answer the question what family model with respect to the share of professional and household duties is dominant in Poland. It was done through the analysis of the preferences and actual life choices of Poles in this respect, paying a special attention to the social norms and, particularly, policy regulations that determine these choices. The data used come from the Labour Force Survey and the Population Policy Acceptance Survey (PPA2) conducted in 2001 on the LFS sub-sample. Synthetic variables were constructed to describe the following family models: male breadwinner, sequential male breadwinner, modernised male breadwinner, dual earner-female double burden, dual earner-dual carer. The analysis revealed high disparities between preferences and actual life choices. Although the most preferred model is the dual earner-dual carer, the most often practised are the dual earner-female double burden and the male breadwinner model. The fact of being a parent increases both, the preference for and the incidence of the male breadwinner, which means that in reality the sequential male breadwinner is widely practised. This model is also strongly supported by the state policy. Decisions about family model selection are influenced by cultural and institutional factors. Both groups of determinants have been referred to when discussing about discrepancies between preferred and practised family models in Poland.

2

Wyzwania i szanse gospodarki w sieci cyfrowej. Dystrykt Federalny w Meksyku w kontekście mteropolitalnym i megalopolitalnym

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Rózga Luter R., Szul R.

Studia Regionalne i Lokalne

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2011

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issue 1(43)

20-42

EN

The aim of this work is to analyze urban development of Mexico City in its broader, macro-regional context which also describes the term megalopolis, and in its narrower, metropolitan sense. Without attempting to reach premature conclusions, we can say that a metropolis like Mexico City is exposed to processes typical of such cities: more and more extensive land use, changes in economic, social and demographic structures, etc. What is more, like other emerging or accelerating processes, also globalization had an important impact on cities, resulting in both positive and negative changes. This work is an attempt to identify and, if possible, to analyze some of these changes in Mexico City.

PL

Celem tej pracy jest analiza rozwoju miasta Meksyk tak w kontekście szerszym, makroregionalnym, jak i w węższym, metropolitalnym. Nie starając się formułować przedwczesnych wniosków, można powiedzieć, że zarówno metropolia, jak i megalopolia miasta Meksyk wystawione są na działanie procesów wspólnych dla tego typu miast: rozrost terytorialny, zmiany struktury ekonomicznej, społeczno-demograficznej itd. Musimy też dodać, że wystąpienie lub, jak chcą niektórzy, przyśpieszenie procesu globalizacji doprowadziło do pojawienia się nowych zjawisk. Jak zwykle nowe procesy stwarzają zarówno wyzwania, jak i szanse. Niniejsza praca jest próbą identyfikacji i, jeśli to możliwe, analizy tych wyzwań i szans, przed którymi stoi miasto Meksyk.

3

CO-OPERATION, DEMORACY AND LIBERTY (Kooperacja, demokracja i wolnosc)

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Abramowski E.

Pieniądze i Więź

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2009

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vol. 12

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issue 1(42)

27-60

EN

The next part of Co-Operative Thought Library (15) is composed of excerpts from writings of one of the greatest co-operatives' theoreticians, Edward Abramowski. Selected passages from the years 1906-1907, are dedicated to the associations and social ideas of co-operation. Published excerpts are quoted from: E. Abramowski, The Writings, 1924.

4

Studia miejskie – między historią a teorią

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Jałowiecki B.

Studia Regionalne i Lokalne

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2011

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issue 2(44)

26-40

EN

This article presents, from a sociological perspective, selected methodological issues concerning urban studies. The authors of such studies either create theories of a city’s rise and fall or describe a changing urban reality, investigating the history of cities. Examples of the first approach are the more or less formalized works of Louis Wirth or Richard Florida, as well as Geoffrey West’s and Louis Bettencourt’s quantitative concept.. The second type of studies is represented by Max Weber, Fernand Braudel and others. The author, although he is not denying the merits of the first approach, claims that the descriptive-historical perspective has so far been more useful in explaining the process of urban development.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia niektóre metodologiczne problemy studiów miejskich z perspektywy socjologa. Autorzy zajmujący się urban studies bądź tworzą teorie funkcjonowania miast i modelowania ich rozwoju, bądź opisują zmieniającą się miejską rzeczywistość, śledząc jej historię. Do pierwszego nurtu należą mniej lub bardziej sformalizowane prace, m.in. Louisa Wirtha, Richarda Floridy, czy zmatematyzowana koncepcja fizyków Geoffreya Westa i Louisa Bettencourta. Drugi nurt reprezentują Max Weber, Fernand Braudel i wielu innych. Autor, nie negując pewnych pożytków pierwszego nurtu, uważa jednak, że podejście historyczno-opisowe znacznie lepiej, przynajmniej na razie, wyjaśnia procesy związane z rozwojem miast.

5

THE PATTERN OF CONFLICTS IN SETTLEMENTS IN THE PAST DECADE

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Szanto R.

Tarsadalomkutatas (Social Science Research)

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2008

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vol. 25

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issue 3

371-388

EN

Siting decisions and conflicts have been attracting the attention of social scientists since the 1980s, and numerous case studies have been elaborated exploring the characteristics of public opposition against noxious or hazardous facilities. This paper examines the siting conflicts of the last ten years (1998-2007) in Hungary. Most cases in the sample can be related to waste management which resonates with the findings of the Anglo-Saxon literature. However, some service complexes (shopping malls, public garages, etc.) and residential facilities also trigger public opposition. Different types of siting conflicts happen in places with different socio-economic characteristics. Waste disposals and other waste management facilities are usually to be planned in smaller villages with modest or low income and relatively high unemployment rate. Opposition against service complexes generally happens in bigger cities with higher income. Between the two extremes other clusters can be found such as siting conflicts in the mining and energy sector, ones around infrastructural investments (roads, airport, etc.), and other industrial sites. In many cases local referendum was organized in order to decide whether a municipality should host the facility in question or not. Surprisingly an unsuccessful referendum (from the point of view of the investor) does not necessarily lead to a siting fiasco, but the opposite can be true as well: a yes in a referendum does not guarantee that the new facility will be built.

6

Kapitał społeczny – ujęcia teoretyczne i praktyka badawcza

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Działek J.

Studia Regionalne i Lokalne

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2011

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issue 3(45)

100-118

EN

For more than 20 years, social capital has been gaining popularity both among researchers and policy makers. However, this theory has just reached its maturity. The paper presents classical and critical approaches to the concept. Main aspects and types of social capital are distinguished, followed by a description of the most relevant model for empirical research. Finally, the most important research fields are discussed, including mechanisms explaining the influence of social capital on other social, political and economical phenomena.

PL

Jakkolwiek koncepcja kapitału społecznego od ponad 20 lat zdobywa coraz szerszą popularność, zarówno wśród badaczy, jak i decydentów, to dopiero nabiera cech dojrzałości. Artykuł prezentuje klasyczne i krytyczne ujęcia kapitału społecznego, które umożliwiają wskazanie najważniejszych jego wymiarów i najbardziej odpowiedniego modelu badań empirycznych. Oprócz tego autor charakteryzuje obszary badawcze, w których przedmiotowe pojęcie znalazło zastosowanie, służąc do wyjaśniania innych zjawisk społecznych, politycznych i gospodarczych, a także zależności pomiędzy nimi.

7

THE ALGORITHMS FOR IMPROVING AND REORGANIZING NATURAL DEDUCTION PROOFS

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Pak K.

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric

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2010

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issue 22(35)

95-112

EN

It can be observed in the course of analyzing nontrivial examples of natural deduction proofs, either declarative or procedural, that the proofs are often formulated in a chaotic way. Authors tend to create deductions which are correct for computers, but hardly readable for humans, as they believe that finding and removing inessential reasoning fragments, or shortening the proofs is not so important as long as the computer accepts the proof script. This article consists of two parts. In the first part, we present some types of unnecessary deductions and methods of reorganizing proof graphs in order to make them closer to good quality informal mathematical reasoning. In the second part, we describe tools implemented to solve the above-mentioned problems. Next, we demonstrate their usability by analysing statistical data drawn from the Mizar Mathematical Library.

8

INTERNAL AND INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION - TO BE ANALYSED JOINTLY OR SEPARATELY?

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Janicki W.

Studia Demograficzne

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2006

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issue 2(150)

66-77

EN

The article attempts to evaluate the rationale, for a joint or separate analysis of both types of migration in the European Union. First the author examines different types of migration barriers, reaching the conclusion, that since the countries' policies regulate the possibility of border crossing for its' own citizens and for foreigners, therefore in the international migration analysis the economic, social and psychological barriers are secondary to administrative and -political barriers. Next, the author discusses the ongoing integration process of EU countries in the area of standardization of both internal and international migration, in the context of legal regulations and their practical effects on the population flows between the EU countries. He concedes that, internal and international migrations within the EU may be treated with identical principles and analysed jointly. The following review of migration studies, supports further the view, that a dogmatic clinging to the distinction between internal and international migrations is in many cases unjustified. The author, however, does not rule out the possibility of the existence of such areas of migration research, in which separate examination of both migration categories makes sense, with regard to the existence of important institutional and political barriers.

9

MATERIAL BASIS QUALIFIED EMPLOYEES IN POLAND; FROM BACKWARD CAPITALISM, INVALID SOCIALISM TO DEPENDANT CAPITALISM (Polish title -below)

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Rakowski M.

Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje

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2007

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vol. 10

151-176

EN

(Title in Polish - 'Materialne podstawy pozycji pracowników umyslowych w Polsce; od zacofanego kapitalizmu, niesprawnego socjalizmu do zaleznego kapitalizmu'). The article presents the history and the present situation of the salary discrepancies between white-collars, blue-collars and farmers in Poland. The first part of the article describes the huge disparities in period 1918-1939, when the level white-collar salaries were up to four times higher than those of workers. In the second part, the changes during the communist time are presented. The number of white-collar employees rose three times, but comparing to the period before the WW II, their living standard fell significantly. The last part of the text focuses on the contemporary situation of white-collar employees. The author, using the quantitative data discusses broadly the income disparities in present-day Poland. He states that only the living standard of the most earning decil of white-collar employees may be compared to Polish bourgeoisie. On the contrary, the salaries and the living standard of 80% of white-collar is comparable to those of blue workers. Thus this two social classes, stresses the author, should unite in defense against the bourgeoisie's exploitation of working class in Poland.

10

DESCARTES' 'MEDITATIONS' IN THE HISTORY OF SCEPTICISM

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Zieminska R.

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric

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2009

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issue 15(28)

47-62

EN

Descartes started his philosophy when scepticism was very popular in France (M. de Montaigne's followers). Meditations are under influence of sceptical tradition even if Descartes does not mention it. His methodical scepticism was very serious in fact (the threat of sceptical conclusion was real). Descartes made the traditional sceptical reasons deeper by constructing two hypotheses: of dream and evil demon. He stopped sceptical doubting by discovering his own existence and tried to rescue the rest of human knowledge. There are many critical remarks about his answer to his own sceptical hypotheses. Descartes' role in the history of scepticism is the role of the author of evil demon hypothesis (recently modified as the brain-in-a-vat hypothesis).

11

PRODUCTIONS OF GREEK AND ROMAN DRAMA ON THE CZECH STAGE 2001-2009

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Cadkova D., Sarkissian A.

Eirene. Studia Graeca et Latina

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2009

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vol. 45

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issue I-II

73-102

EN

The inventory provided by this paper is related to the list of Productions of Greek and Roman Drama on the Czech Stage by Eva Stehlikova, published in Eirene 2001, and completes it adding the productions staged in the following years. Several noteworthy productions were created between 2001 and 2009, each of them forming its own conception - some stressing the poetry of the text (as e.g. Phaedra, 2006), some accentuating political message contained in the drama (as e.g. Oresteia, 2005-2006), and yet other remarkable approaches were found to staging of Classical Drama.

12

FORGOTTEN LAKES, PART 1. THE GROUPS OF LAKES IN THE POMERANIAN VOIVODESHIP ACCESSIBLE FOR LIGHT FLAT BOTTOMED YACHTS FOR WEEKEND TOURISM - DETAILED ANALYSIS (Polish title below)

100%

Gorski P.

Colloquium Wydziału Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych AMW

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2010

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issue 2

311-334

EN

(Polish title: Zapomniane jeziora, cz. 1. Zespoly jezior wojewodztwa pomorskiego dostepne dla lekkich plaskodennych jachtow w turystyce weekendowej - analiza szczegolowa). The article presents selected groups of lakes in Bory Tucholskie accessible for light flat-bottomed yachts used in long-lasting tourism. The aim of this work is to present the unknown lakes to water tourists to encourage them to sail there in rowing boats, light flat-bottom sailing boats or light flat-bottom motor yachts. The natural lakes (the groups of Charzykowskie Lake and Wdzydze Lake) as well as the man - made lakes (Koronowskie Lake and Zur Lake) are presented here. The length of sailing routes on these lakes allows to sail for several days and enjoy the unspoilt scenery, clean water and use the facilities designed for tourists (rest centers offering water equipment, shops, places for launching boats and bivouacking) which are quite satisfying in numbers. The information presented here has been gathered during a research (analysis of the routes, measuring of the major water obstacles i.e. shallows, clearance of bridges) - an actual cruise in a rowing boat type BL-2 and motor yacht Microplus 461. The aim of this work is also presentation of a rowing boat as a universal means of transport on water suitable for everyone. A rowing boat due to its light weight, dimensions and easiness in use enables to swim on the lakes usually described as accessible exclusively for kayaks. A rowing boat, contrary to kayaks, is safe (stable, resistant to waves, safe for children and the elders), more comfortable and offers more loading possibilities.

13

AN ATTEMPT TO SIMULATE THE NUMBER OF ABORTIONS IN POLAND USING DATA OF SELECTED EUROPEAN COUNTRIES (Próba symulacji liczby aborcji w Polsce na podstawie danych w wybranych krajach europejskich)

100%

Ossowski L.

Studia Demograficzne

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2008

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issue 1-2(153-154)

112-137

EN

The 1993 Act on Family Planning, Human Fetus Protection and Conditions for Permissibility of Pregnancy Termination is one of the most restrictive in Europe. Despite the fact that the number of abortions reported officially went down from over 123 thousand in 1987 to 1.2 thousand in 1993, when the restricted law came into force, the low figures reported for subsequent years (such as 339 abortions in 2006) are considered to depict only a marginal share of the real numbers. Existing estimates range from 10-15 thousand to 80-200 thousand illegally performed abortions per year. The significant drop in the recorded number of deliberate pregnancy terminations, however, did not coincide with an increase in the number of births. On the contrary, fertility declined considerably to the lowest levels observed since the 1950s. An increasing knowledge on family planning and a better availability of contraception undoubtedly contributed to the downward tendency of induced abortions. However, a question about the actual numbers of abortions remains open. That issue is the main subject of this article. Herewith, an attempt to evaluate the possible numbers of abortions in Poland was undertaken using two approaches. Since the assumptions used can be seen as rather restrictive, the proposed procedures can be best described as simulations. The first approach simulates the number of abortions that would be reported if the legal situation prior to 1990 was restored, and the trends in abortion in Poland and the adjacent countries since 1960 would continue. The simulated figures indicate between 30 and 50 thousand abortions per year. The second approach refers also to a hypothetical situation of no restrictive abortion regulation in Poland and assumes the abortion rate in Poland similar to those found in Sweden, Norway, France, Great Britain, Slovakia and Czech Republic in 2006. Under these conditions, the actual number of abortions would be between 90 and 185 thousand annually.

14

THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN CINEMATOGRAPHY. ON MEMORY CARRIERS (Wielka Wojna Ojczyzniana we wspólczesnej rosyjskiej kinematografii. O nosnikach pamieci zbiorowej)

100%

Bachorz A.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2009

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issue 2(331)

91-110

EN

The article deals with selected ways of presenting the Second World War in contemporary Russian cinematography on the example of several films produced in the years 2002-2008. The theoretical framework of the analysis is defined by issues pertaining to collective memory, its carriers and the medialisation of memory. In the background of the considerations is the thesis that the victory over fascism was and still is a vital factor in building Soviet and Russian collective identity. This effect is achieved by sustaining the state-controlled, heroic, one-sided and unrealistic image of the war to the exclusion of elements at odds with the paradigm of victory. Contrary to such an interpretation, the authoress of the article draws attention to the heterogeneity and polyphonicity of the Russian discourse on the past. Analysis includes films which adhere to the legitimized heroic discourse as well as those that present other, alternative or even subvertive narrations.

15

PERCEPTION OF SAFETY BY RESIDENTS OF CHOSEN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF EUROPEAN SOCIAL SURVEY (Postrzeganie bezpieczenstwa przez mieszkancow wybranych krajow europejskich w swietle wynikow europejskiego sondazu spolecznego)

100%

Grzeskowiak A.

Nauki Społeczne

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2011

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issue 1(3)

148-160

EN

The paper analyzes the responses to questions from the European Social Survey in 2008 which allowed to evaluate the sense of security of residents of countries participating in such an extensive international survey of attitudes and opinions. Data from three areas: personal security, welfare conditions and lack of threat of terrorist attacks. related to the perception of security were examined. The perception of safety in various aspects was assessed as well as the variability of the answers was considered. The application of multidimensional scaling method allowed to indicate the differences in the perception of security by residents of countries with long experience in the European structures and the residents of countries which have recently become the members of the European Union.

16

Imigracja i wielokulturowość w warunkach dużego dystansu kulturowego

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Hryniewicz J. T.

Studia Regionalne i Lokalne

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2011

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issue 3(45)

5-25

EN

Multiculturalism is a kind of social policy that depends on cultural neutrality of the state. Huge communities of immigrants of non-European cultures arose in Western Europe. In response to this phenomenon, European states initiated a multicultural social policy. In effect, many behaviours of immigrants turned out to be at variance with human rights, but consistent with multiculturalism. Great cultural distance between European societies and immigrants caused more serious problems with integration than had been expected. Nowadays, we can observe a contestation, but not abandonment, of the multicultural policy, accompanied by anti-immigrant sentiments. A new social policy ought to facilitate the adaptation of immigrants in economic and politic institutions, and to respect human rights as a key value.

PL

Wielokulturowość to polityka społeczna, która polega na neutralności kulturowej państwa. W Zachodniej Europie powstały duże środowiska imigrantów wywodzących się z pozaeuropejskich kultur. Państwa Starego Kontynentu zareagowały na to wprowadzeniem polityki wielokulturowości. Jednak wiele zachowań emigrantów godziło w prawa człowieka, choć równocześnie odpowiadało wymogom wielokulturowości. Z powodu dużego dystansu kulturowego między społeczeństwami europejskimi a imigranckimi integracja przybyszów okazała się trudniejsza, niż oczekiwano. Współcześnie obserwujemy kontestację polityki wielokulturowości, ale nie jej odrzucenie. Nowa polityka społeczna powinna sprzyjać adaptacji imigrantów do politycznych i ekonomicznych instytucji, a przy tym uwzględniać kluczową wartość, jaką są prawa człowieka.

17

EDUCATION IN CONTEXT OF PROFESSIONAL SECURITY FACTORS (Pewne konteksty procesow edukacji)

100%

Stanczyk P.

Nauki Społeczne

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2011

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issue 1(3)

191-210

EN

The essential subject of the article is the personality theory by K. Obuchowski. Interesting conclusions concerning the role of education in context of professional security factors can be drawn from that theory. The theory significantly widens the number of factors analyzed in economic aspects of education: Human Capital Model, Signalling Model, Model of the Pro Capitalist Society. The conformity of the K. Obuchowski's theory with definite concepts of the education management can be easily noticed in the article.

18

SOCIAL POLICY IN INTEGRATING EUROPE - BETWEEN SECURITY AND UNCERTAINTY (Polityka spoleczna w integrujacej sie Europie - miedzy bezpieczenstwem a niepewnoscia)

100%

Zamorska K.

Nauki Społeczne

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2011

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issue 1(3)

41-55

EN

This article aims at presenting the factors which disrupt the specific order of the social policy prevailing for a long time in post-war Europe. The first part of the work discusses those values and standards which compose the European social model. Security, to which the Europeans attach great significance, is its fundamental feature. Next, the factors damaging this structure are presented. The example of work and education has served as an illustration of new forms of inequality. The entire work leads to a conclusion that the nation-states cannot efficiently conduct social policy which does not include the solutions on the European Union level. However, this should not mean blind acceptance of all propositions of Euro bureaucrats.

19

REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION IN USING THE EUROPEAN UNION STRUCTURAL FUNDS IN POLAND

100%

Churski P.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2007

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issue 2(323)

137-166

EN

The aim of this article is to present the results of the first period of absorbing Structural Funds in Poland. The analysis refers to the realisation of planned initiatives specified in the strategic document, namely the National Development Plan 2004-2006, which is a basis of the new model of Polish regional policy. The obtained results show the level of absorption of Structural Funds including the structure that results from Operational Programmes which are part of the National Development Plan and the structure of beneficiaries among which the ones singled out are: units of local governments, businessmen, non-governmental organizations and educational institutions. In each case the analysis includes regional differences of the absorption process which allows to define the impact of Structural Funds on changes of differences in regional economic development in Poland.

20

Belugistan - the province with tension

100%

Katona M.

Hadtudomany (Military Science)

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2004

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vol. 14

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issue 3/4

39-52

EN

The authoress of the article is a well-known expert of the central Asian region. In her article, she is trying to sketch a topic scientifically, which is totally unknown for the Hungarian experts: the picture of Belugistan, a province situated south of Afghanistan, on the border of Pakistan and Iran. Today when security is undivideable, and the dangers threatening security are becoming more and more global, we cannot say that any region is not of our interest. The same applies for the region presented in this article.

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