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PL
Głównym celem funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstw transportu morskiego na rynku transportowym jest zachowanie stabilnego i zrównoważonego rozwoju, zgodnie z kryteriami prywatnej i społecznej efektywności. W artykule zostały omówione zasadnicze warunki aktywizacji funkcjonowania i rozwoju ukraińskiego transportu morskiego. W warunkach stosunkowo wysokiej intensywności żeglugi handlowej konieczne jest opracowanie metodologii, która odzwierciedlałaby warunki i cele strategicznego pozycjonowania ukraińskich przedsiębiorstw żeglugowych. Zasady skutecznego i efektywnego rozwoju światowej żeglugi handlowej zostały wzięte pod uwagę przy doborze celów rozwoju Ukrainy jako państwa morskiego.
EN
The main goal is to preserve the sustainability of marine transport enterprises in the transport market according to the criteria of entrepreneurial and non-systemic efficiency. The essential conditions of activation of functioning and development of the national marine transport complex are reviewed. In conditions of a rigid competition in the global market of maritime transport of goods the parameters of the status of sea country become the principle in the management’s system of development’s efficiency. In conditions of relatively high density of merchant shipping it is necessary to develop methodology that reflects conditions and objectives of the strategic positioning of shipping companies, for the effective development of the national merchant marine fleet. The principles of the effective development of the global merchant shipping are taken into account during selection of targets of the program of development of Ukraine as a maritime state.
EN
The shipping industry is subject to a number of regulations, which in the area of safety and the environment are motivated by the scale of external costs and imperfections in information. There is a clear rationale for governments to establish and maintain adequate standards for maritime safety, as well as protection of the marine environment, which represents a valuable public good. However, certain maritime transport operations are substantially affected by a number of regulations that restrict competition. Because of that, reforms are required to correct mistakes of the government. It is particularly important to strive for reforms that can be effective in providing unrestricted market access for vessels of all flags. Due to the international character of the industry, regulations are reliant on a consensus between nations, without which any regulation would be of limited use. Most of the existing international regulations have been developed by international, intergovernmental organizations.
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