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An Optimality Theory Analysis of Velar Softening in English

100%
Radomski M.
Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature
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2010
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issue 34
65-80
EN
The goal of this article is to analyse the phenomenon of Velar Softening in English within the nonderivational framework of Optimality Theory. It is argued that earlier approaches, including the traditional OT model which incorporates purely phonological constraints and a single-UR approach to allomorphy, fail to account for the process in question in a satisfactory manner. Instead, it is claimed that Velar Softening can be explained in terms of the OT model which adopts a multiple-input view on allomorphy as well as the idea of morpho-phonological constraints. Thus, the paper offers a novel and more adequate analysis of this process.
2
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Komponent fonologiczny języka polskiego jako struktura rdzeń-peryferie na przykładzie akcentu wyrazowego w galicyzmach

100%
Radomski M.
Linguistica Copernicana
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2021
|
vol. 17
208-219
EN
The article deals with word stress adaptation in French loanwords in Polish. The presented data demonstrate that the borrowings in question can be divided into two categories in terms of stress placement. On the one hand, there are items with penultimate stress, which conform to native Polish stress rules. On the other hand, there are those which retain the original final stress in violation of these rules. The proposed formal analysis of this phenomenon within Optimality Theory is based on the assumption derived from Itô and Mester (1995, 1999, 2001) that phonological systems of natural languages have a core-periphery structure. The gallicisms with penultimate stress have thus been assigned to the core, while those with final stress to the periphery. It is argued that each stratum has a different constraint ranking, which results in the divergent adaptation of word stress.
PL
Tematem artykułu jest adaptacja akcentu wyrazowego w galicyzmach w języku polskim. Przedstawione dane pokazują, że omawiane zapożyczenia można podzielić na dwie kategorie pod względem umiejscowienia akcentu. Z jednej strony istnieją wyrazy z akcentem paroksytonicznym, zgodne z rodzimymi regułami akcentowania. Z drugiej strony są takie wyrazy, które zachowują pierwotny akcent oksytoniczny, naruszając te zasady. Proponowana analiza formalna tego zjawiska w ramach teorii optymalności opiera się na założeniu wywiedzionym z prac Itô i Mestera (1995, 1999, 2001), zgodnie z którym systemy fonologiczne języków naturalnych mają strukturę rdzeń-peryferie. Galicyzmy z akcentem paroksytonicznym zostały przyporządkowane do rdzenia, natomiast te z akcentem oksytonicznym do sfery peryferyjnej. W każdej z tych warstw obowiązują odmienne rankingi ograniczeń fonologicznych, czego wynikiem jest rozbieżność akcentowania w obu grupach zapożyczeń.
3
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The perception of English-accented polish – a pilot study

63%
Szpyra-Kozłowska J., Radomski M.
Research in Language
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2011
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vol. 9
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issue 2
97-109
EN
While the perception of Polish-accented English by native-speakers has been studied extensively (e.g Gonet & Pietroń 2004, Scheuer 2003, Szpyra-Kozłowska 2005, in press), an opposite phenomenon, i.e. the perception of English-accented Polish by Poles has not, to our knowledge, been examined so far despite a growing number of Polish-speaking foreigners, including various celebrities, who appear in the Polish media and whose accents are often commented on and even parodied. In this paper we offer a report on a pilot study in which 60 Polish teenagers, all secondary school learners (aged 15-16) listened to and assessed several samples of foreign-accented Polish in a series of scalar judgement and open question tasks meant to examine Poles’ attitudes to English accent(s) in their native language. More specifically, we aimed at finding answers to the following research questions: •How accurately can Polish listeners identify foreign accents in Polish? •How is English-accented Polish, when compared to Polish spoken with a Russian, Spanish, French, Italian, German and Chinese accent, evaluated by Polish listeners in terms of the samples’ degree of: (a) comprehensibility (b) foreign accentedness (c) pleasantness? •What phonetic and phonological features, both segmental and prosodic, are perceived by Polish listeners as characteristic of English-accented Polish? •Can Polish listeners identify different English accents (American, English English and Scottish) in English-accented Polish? •Does familiarity with a specific foreign language facilitate the recognition and identification of that accent in foreign-accented Polish?
4
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Foreign Accents in Polish: Non-native Speakers’ and Native Listeners’ Views

63%
Szpyra-Kozłowska J., Radomski M.
Research in Language
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2013
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vol. 11
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issue 4
377-388
EN
As in recent years a growing number of foreigners have been settling in Poland and learning our language, Poles have found themselves in a fairly new situation of being increasingly exposed, both in direct contacts and through the media, to their mother tongue pronounced with a variety of foreign accents. In a series of studies (Szpyra- Kozłowska and Radomski 2012, in press, Szpyra-Kozłowska 2013b) we have undertaken an examination of how such accents are perceived and evaluated by Polish listeners. The issues that have come under scrutiny so far concerned identification of the speakers’ origin, evaluation of different accents in terms of their intelligibility, degree of accentedness and acceptance, establishing the major perceptual properties of several accents and examining their salience. In the present paper we focus on the participants of communication which involves accented Polish, i.e. non-native speakers and native listeners, and their views on this phenomenon. We examine them in two questionnaire studies, one administered to 40 foreign learners of Polish and the other one to 80 native listeners. Thus, our study sets itself the following goals: to examine what attitudes Poles take towards Polish-speaking foreigners and their accents in particular (Questionnaire 2); to juxtapose these opinions with foreign learners’ experience of Poles’ reactions to accented Polish (Questionnaire 1); to draw implications for the phonetic training of foreigners who undertake to learn Polish.
5
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

The Perception of English-Accented Polish –A Pilot Study

63%
Szpyra-Kozłowska J., Radomski M.
Research in Language
|
2012
|
vol. 10
|
issue 1
97-109
EN
While the perception of Polish-accented English by native-speakers has been studied extensively (e.g Gonet & Pietroń 2004, Scheuer 2003, Szpyra-Kozłowska 2005, in press), an opposite phenomenon, i.e. the perception of English-accented Polish by Poles has not, to our knowledge, been examined so far despite a growing number of Polish-speaking foreigners, including various celebrities, who appear in the Polish media and whose accents are often commented on and even parodied. In this paper we offer a report on a pilot study in which 60 Polish teenagers, all secondary school learners (aged 15-16) listened to and assessed several samples of foreign-accented Polish in a series of scalar judgement and open question tasks meant to examine Poles’ attitudes to English accent(s) in their native language. More specifically, we aimed at finding answers to the following research questions: • How accurately can Polish listeners identify foreign accents in Polish? • How is English-accented Polish, when compared to Polish spoken with a Russian, Spanish, French, Italian, German and Chinese accent, evaluated by Polish listeners in terms of the samples’ degree of: (a) comprehensibility (b) foreign accentedness (c) pleasantness? • What phonetic and phonological features, both segmental and prosodic, are perceived by Polish listeners as characteristic of English-accented Polish? • Can Polish listeners identify different English accents (American, English English and Scottish) in English-accented Polish? • Does familiarity with a specific foreign language facilitate the recognition and identification of that accent in foreign-accented Polish?
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