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Československá diplomacie v únoru a březnu 1948. Příspěvek k mezinárodním aspektům komunistického převratu a k destrukci česko-slovenských demokratických elit stalinistickým režimem

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Dejmek J.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2010
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vol. 108
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issue 1
70-113
EN
This study deals with the structure and changes in Czechoslovak diplomacy at the time of the Communist coup d'etat and shortly thereafter. The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia to which only a small minority of civil servants declared their allegiance prior to February 1948, succeeded in gaining control of the Ministry without any difficulties as early as the very beginning of the putsch. However, a number of Czechoslovak Ambassadors in Western countries, among others those in the USA, France, Canada and the Latin American countries stood against the new power. The attempt of the permanent delegate at the UN, Jan Papanek to persuade the UN Security Council to consider the international aspects of the putsch was the most significant contribution. Even though he was immediately denounced by the new Communist Government, he helped to raise an awareness in the West of the real circumstances of the coup d'etat.
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Americko-sovětské vztahy na jaře 1948 očima československého diplomata Josefa Hanče

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Dejmek J.
Slovanské historické studie (Slavonic Historical Studies)
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2009
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vol. 34
167-202
EN
At the beginning of May 1948 US-ambassador in USSR W. B. Smith conveyed to chief of Soviet diplomacy V. Molotov a memorandum about American reservations concerning contemporary Soviet Policy. This action not only evokes a political replay from J. V. Stalin, but arouses a big interest from Leadership of Czechoslovak communist government in development of American-Soviet Relations. At the Initiative from Prague the Czechoslovak charge d´affaires in Washington Josef Hanc had written a series of eight memoranda, where he analyzed actual state of relations between USA and USSR. The texts of these memoranda are published as an annex to this article. In his documents Hanc concluded, that American diplomacy does not aspire to some solutions of basic problems between both states, but only to troubleshooting of some partial problems. It has been the last attempt at some objective analysis of relationship between the super-powers at the beginning of Cold War from Czechoslovak view.
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MODERN HISTORY OF THE CZECHOSLOVAK STATE FROM A REVISIONIST POINT OF VIEW: MARY HEIMANN, CZECHOSLOVAKIA. THE STATE THAT FAILED

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Dejmek J.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2011
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vol. 109
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issue 2
344-358
EN
This review article scrutinizes a history of Czechoslovakia from the pen of the British based, American born historian Mary Heimann. This review critically assesses some of the author's propositions, which relate to, for example, the politics of inter-war Czechoslovakia and its minority policy. She also investigates issues of the resistance movement, which fought for the restoration of the Czechoslovak state in the years following World War II. Dejmek observes that the book under review often overlooks the international context of certain events. At the same time he also comments upon the selective manner in which they are chosen as well as considerable gaps in the use of English and American works on this topic, which contributes to rather numerous factual mistakes in this historian's interpretation.
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Pozoruhodná syntéza o československé meziválečné demokracii

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Dejmek J.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2009
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vol. 107
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issue 2
362-370
EN
This essay analyses comprehensively Jiri Kovtun's monograph 'Republika v nebezpecnem svete' (The Republic in a Dangerous World). At first, it briefly introduces its author, one of the most important historians in exile. Subsequently, the general outlines of his interpretation of the inter-war history of Czechoslovakia, from its foundation until President Masaryk's abdication from presidential office, are laid out. This essay commends, among other things, the author's robust efforts to interpret the development of the First Republic within the framework of pan-European politics. Further, it confronts his well-founded conclusions with the opinions of the revisionist stream of Czech historiography in the last decade of the 20th century.
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Byla v roce 1948 reálná „finlandizace“ Československa? Stručná komparace situace Finska a Československa v letech 1944–1948

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Dejmek J.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
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2010
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vol. 18
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issue 1
185-207
EN
An attempt of comparative outline of the development in Finland and Czechoslovakia in the years 1945-48 is made in the study. There were a number of substantial differences in the position of the two countries due to their different historical development and to the incomparable geopolitical situation. On the one hand, the Soviet-controlled Allied Control Commission interfered in the events taking place of the defeated Finland, while most of the Finnish population, on the other hand, regarded 'the Russians' as the greatest threat to their country, which also found its reflection in its attitude to the local Communists. Although the Finnish Communist Party tried hard to strengthen its position through the wider Democratic League of the Finnish People, the political base of the Party - unlike that of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - remained limited. A great difference can also be observed in the policy of the Finnish Social Democratic Party, which failed to closely cooperate with the Communists. Nevertheless, the Finnish democratic representation was aware of the USSR's supremacy in the region, and was therefore ready to accept the Defense Alliance Agreement proposed by the Soviets. Its signing on April 5th, 1948 provided a framework for the follow-up 'finlandization' policy that made it possible for the Finns to retain their internal democratic order.
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Dva nové dokumenty o návštěvě prezidenta Edvarda Beneše ve Spojených státech amerických a Kanadě v květnu–červnu 1943

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Dejmek J.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
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2008
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vol. 16
291-320
EN
Two new documents are published here providing important information about the visit of President Edvard Benes to the USA and Canada in May-June 1943. The author of the first, quite detailed report describing the President's visit to the United States and the first comments was one of Benes' closest collaborators during the first phase of resistance movement Jan Papanek, a long-time Czechoslovak consul in Pittsburg and later a leading worker of the Czechoslovak Information Service in New York. The document describes also the course of the visit, records the President's important speeches and thus completes the materials published before, which mostly concerned his talks with American statesmen. The other report included here was written by the first Czechoslovak Ambassador to Canada Frantisek Pavlasek, and describes the course of and responses to Benes' visit to the Maple Leaf Country. Both documents extend our current knowledge of the responses to Benes' visits to a number of Czech and Slovak communities as well as to other refugee and exile groups, such as Polish, Ruthenian and Hungarian.
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Svědectví Arnošta Heidricha o československé diplomacii a sovětské politice z konce roku 1948

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Dejmek J.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
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2009
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vol. 17
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issue 2
131-178
EN
Arnost Heidrich, an important Czechoslovak diplomat and General Secretary of the Czechoslovak Ministry of Foreign Affairs, was largely involved in the formulation of Czechoslovakia's foreign policy in the years 1945-1948. In November 1948, he fled to the USA where he wrote a comprehensive memorandum for the U.S. Government on the practices of some components of the state apparatus in Czechoslovakia, already fully controlled by Communists. His memorandum, which is published here with explaining notes, informed the readers about the leading representatives of the regime and its diplomacy, and also about its foreign political goals. It also contained additional evidence concerning the role of the Soviet Union in the Communist coup d'etat of 1948 and about other mechanisms through which Czechoslovakia was subjected to Moscow's political and economic goals.
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