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Ziemiańskie winnice Podola

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EN
Author describe unexpected evolution of Polish vineyards at South-East region of Poland – Podole – during the 1930–1940. Due to the close neighbourhood of the Black Sea, soft climate and fecund soil, Podole was always a wine region, but a more intensive rise of the wine production began after the crisis of 1929. The important role of rebuilding the vineyards played for example a young landlord Gustaw Głażewski who had learned the enology in France or countess Zofia Łoś. Winemakers were grouped in The Association of Orchards Owners in Zaleszczyki, which was the biggest orchards association in Poland before 1939. The chairman was Cyryl Czarkowski-Golejewski, who owned the largest Polish vineyard Wysuczka majorat (34 ha). Renovation of vineyards in Podole were strictly connected with promotion of region and local wines. Since 1935 in Podole has been organized the wine harvests by the landlords, state and local authorities. Event with local wine and unique folk culture was a tourist attraction in Poland. The wine production by landlords changed the habits and the taste, the local cultivators abandoned a production of fruit wine or hybrids and they started to make a real grape wine from vitis vinifera. Due to efforts of Polish landlords during 1920–1939 a wine production based on the grape became dominate. In the forthies the wine producers projected to plant two thousand hectares more of wine seedlings in Podole. After the Soviet Army invade in the 17th of September 1939 a big part of winemakers and landowners has been murdered by NKWD. The annex includes unique document describing the vineyard of Wysuczka majorat just before World War II.
PL
Istnienie problemów AI-zupełnych przyczyniło się do poszukiwań alternatywnych sposobów rozwiązywania problemów sztucznej inteligencji, nie opartych wyłącznie na pracy komputera. Pomimo że komunikacja jest dla ludzi czymś oczywistym, nadal nie istnieje sposób jej automatyzacji. Aktualnie powszechnie stosowanym podejściem w rozwiązywaniu problemów NLP jest podejście statystyczne, którego powodzenie zależy od wielkości korpusu językowego. Przygotowanie rzetelnego zbioru danych jest zatem kluczowym aspektem tworzenia statystycznego systemu sztucznej inteligencji. Z uwagi na zaangażowanie specjalistów jest to proces czasochłonny i kosztowny. Jednym z obiecujących podejść, pomagających zredukować czas i koszt tworzenia otagowanego korpusu, jest korzystanie z gier skierowanych na cel. Ambicją niniejszej pracy jest przybliżenie poszczególnych etapów tworzenia gry przeznaczonej do pozyskania zasobów językowych oraz omówienie skuteczności jej działania. Analiza ta zostanie przeprowadzona na podstawie kolekcji gier Wordrobe wspierających anotacje korpusu języka naturalnego.
EN
The existence of AI-complete problems has led to a growth in research of alternative ways of solving artificial intelligence problems, which are not based solely on the computer. Although for us communication is obvious, there is still no way automate it. The current widely-used approach to solving the problems of NLP is a statistical one, whose success depends on the size of the training corpus. The preparation of a reliable set of data is therefore a key aspect in creating an artificial intelligence statistical system. Due to the involvement of a large number of specialists this is a very time-consuming and expensive process. One promising approache in helping reduce the time and cost of creating a tagged corpus is the use of games with a purpose. The objective of this paper is to present the stages of creating games with a purpose used for obtaining annotated language resources and to discuss its effectiveness. This analysis will be done based on the Wordrobe project, a collection of games created to support the gathering of an annotated corpus of natural language.
EN
The example of a nineteenth-century gentry manor, undergoing restoration, serves the author for presenting the progressing degradation of an historical object caused by unprofessional and unreliable construction work. Upon this basis he also proposes a number of comments and conclusions pertaining to the quality of the repair work and to requirements stemming from the binding construction law.
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