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PL
Abstract: Internal policy of the PRC as a factor in Sino‑Indian relations The article focuses on the analysis of internal factors of Chinese foreign policy, paying particular attention to their impact on Sino‑Indian relations. It addresses the question of making China policy, the impacts of actors such as the military and the various factions within the Communist Party of China. Has been widely discussed topic of Chinese nationalism and its current and potential impact on policy making in the PRC. The author pays particular attention to the changes in the Chinese policy, which take place after the adoption of state power by Xi Jinping in 2012. Xi tries to be a strong leader, and be able to concentrate in his hand more power than its predecessors. Both intended and unexpected effects of their actions can have a significant impact on China’s policy towards India and other countries. Reflections in the article refer often to the history of Middle Kingdom, because China has a great sense of historicity of their own civilization. No coincidence that one of the most frequently cited in discussions on China’s foreign policy is an ancient strategic treatise “The Art of War” by Sun Tzu.Key words: China, India, foreign policy, nationalism, role of the army
PL
Abstract: Evolution of post-Cold War international order (outline of the problem) The article is devoted to transformation of international order after the collapse of the bipolar system, given the major Cold War antecedents. Author analyzes the situation created after the collapse of the Soviet Union, pointing to the dominant role of the United States until the invasion of Iraq in 2003 and subsequent financial crisis. At the same time are discussed the factors affecting the potential of other countries, with particular emphasis on the increasing role of China and India. Author also examines the role of non-state actors in the contemporary world, being especially interested in importance of the international organizations and transnational corporations. Analyzed is also hostile use of ICT as a new treat to international security. Author draws attention to the phenomenon of displacement and diffusion of power in the postCold War world, which determine for all the countries need for action on multilateral basis.Key words: transformation, international order, bipolar system, displacement and diffusion of power
RU
В эпоху правления Нарендры Моди в Индии мы имеем дело со значительным возрастанием значения индуизм. Это касается не только риторики и практики действий правительства, но и общего изменения социально-политического климата. Можно сказать о переходе указанной идеологии в индийский мейнстрим. В свою очередь, самые важные нити, связанные с толкованием индуизма, - это недоверие к последователям ислама и стремление подчинить их индуистскому большинству. Из этого убеждения и электорального подсчета следуют дальнейшие антимусульманские действия, будь то предпринятые непосредственно правительством Моди или одобренные им, или, по крайней мере, не заблокированные. С 2014 года положение индийских мусульман во многих областях значительно ухудшилось, поэтому использование «шафронизации Индии» для иллюстрации этого явления кажется уместным. Это означает прославление роли последователей индуистской религии в Индии при уменьшении значения других религиозных групп, особенно в историческом контексте.
EN
In the era of Narendra Modi’s rule in India, we are dealing with a significant increase in the importance of Hinduva. This applies not only to the rhetoric and practice of goverment’s actions, but also to the general change of the socio-political climate. It can be said about the transition of the said ideology to the Indian mainstream. In turn, the most important threads related to the interpretation of Hinduva are distrust towards the followers of Islam and the desire to subordinate them to the Hindu majority. From this conviction and electoral calculation follow further anti-Muslim actions, whether taken directly by Modi’s government, or approved by it, or at least not blocked. The situation of Indian Muslims has deteriorated significantly in so many fields since 2014 that the use of “saffronization of India” to illustrate this phenomenon seems appropriate. It means glorifying the role of the followers of the Hindu religion in India, while diminishing the importance of other religious groups, especially in the historical context.
PL
Abstrakt: Spór terytorialny o Archipelag Spratly na Morzu Południowochińskim - wybrane aspekty Spór terytorialny o Archipelag Spratly na Morzu Południowochińskim jest współcześnie jednym z najważniejszych konfliktów międzynarodowych na obszarze Azji. Stronami sporu są Chińska Republika Ludowa i Republika Chińska (Tajwan) oraz Brunei, Filipiny, Indonezja, Malezja i Wietnam. W konflikt zaangażowane są jednak także inne państwa, na czele ze Stanami Zjednoczonymi, Japonią, Koreą Południową i Indiami. Znaczenie Archipelagu Spratly wyraża się w kontroli nad obszarami dna morskiego zawierającymi pokaźne złoża ropy naftowej i gazu ziemnego, wodami w których występują bogate łowiska oraz szlakami transportowymi biegnącymi przez tę część świata. Ponadto, ów konflikt wydaje się swego rodzaju mocarstwowym starciem zastępczym pomiędzy Chinami a Stanami Zjednoczonymi. Istotność sporu determinuje też szeroka paleta środków używanych do jego rozstrzygania. Słowa kluczowe: Morze Południowochińskie, Archipelag Spratly, Chiny, Filipiny   Abstract: The territorial dispute over the Spratly Archipelago in the South China Sea - selected aspects The territorial dispute over the Spratly Archipelago in the South China Sea is today one of the major international conflicts in Asia. Parties to the dispute are People's Republic of China, Republic of China (Taiwan), Brunei, Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam. In the conflict involved are also other countries like United States, Japan, South Korea and India. Meaning of Spratly Archipelago expresses itself in control of the areas of the seabed containing substantial deposits of oil and natural gas, control of waters where are rich fisheries and control of transport routes running through this part of the world. Furthermore, this conflict seems to be a kind of arena of superpowers clash – China and the United States. The significance of the dispute is also highlighted by a wide range of methods used for its solution. Key words: South China Sea, Archipelago, Spratly, China, Philippines
PL
W dniach 13-14 maja 2014 roku w Ustroniu odbyła się VII Ogólnopolska Konferencja Akademickich Ośrodków Politologicznych. Organizatorem objętego patronatem Wojewody Śląskiego wydarzenia był Instytut Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa Uniwersytetu Śląskiego. W obradach uczestniczyli przedstawiciele władz ośrodków politologicznych z całego kraju. Wiodącymi tematami poruszanymi w trakcie konferencji były sytuacja nauk humanistycznych i społecznych w Polsce oraz kondycja i problemy politologii.
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