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EN
The article attempts to give an account of the changes of system in Central and Eastern Europe and of those who studied them in the last two decades. It shows how a less developed branch of economics faced a historical process that posed possibly the most difficult questions of interpretation and application for the whole discipline. An attempt is made to discover why recognition and application of the mainstream approach failed to bring resounding success for the economies of the region or for economics itself. The author examines the relation between continuity and the critical weight of reforms. Finally, an attempt is made to advance durable propositions based on analysis of this specific field through now mainstream approaches in terms of sustainable development.
EN
The study examines four questions: 1. It moves from experience - from the spread of unfamiliarity - towards causes in search of an explanation for an absence of conformity arising from the world's now urgent economic difficulties and the technicist orthodoxy of today's economic theory. The dominant approach is one-sidedly axiomatic and follows exclusively the inherent rules of formalization, while resting or having rested on assumptions and means beyond which other disciplines (especially the natural sciences) have clearly advanced in recent decades. 2. It explores the question of how and why there came to be a methodological exclusiveness in the world's leading journals, which often squeezes out the specific subject of examination in theory and research. 3. It raises the question of whether the mutual effect of the failures of the past and the mainstream that opened up theory in directions previously avoided will produce over decades a change of paradigm in Kuhn's sense. The reply given here is negative. 4. Proposals are made for moderation and for better application of the findings of associated sciences and for a need for greater methodological multiplicity. Instead of relying on single arbitrarily chosen textbooks or schools, the argument follows the course of the Nobel laureates in determining the boundaries and achievements of this branch of science.
EN
The article seeks to discover what causes can be traced for the economic and social differences that have become permanent or a trend after two decades. Secondly, it analyses what importance this model-like categorization of manifold differences bears. Thirdly and lastly, it examines the sphere of questions to do with the consequences of these differences. The main conclusion is that the community choices are significant, but their role is much less, by comparison with career dependence, than most theories assume. Achievement, to quote Hayek (1995) is borne of human endeavour, not human planning.
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