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The history of archaeological researches on the iron age in Biebrza River basin

100%

Karczewski M.

Białostockie Teki Historyczne

2006

issue 4

11-39

The Biebrza River basin is a very unique area according both to the biology and archaeology. The forthills and the barrows discovered there were described for the first time in 1848 by Professor Józef Jaroszewicz. At the end of 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century the greatest service to the archaeological researches in the Biebrza River basin did a local landowner Zygmunt Gloger and his friend Count Ludwik de Fleury, the member of Imperial Moscow Archaeological Society. Acting together and separately they discovered a great number of new archaeological sites in this area. A new part of the history of archaeological researches in the Biebrza River basin started after the First World War. Roman Jakimowicz, an archaeologist from Warsaw, became the Conservator of Prehistoric Monuments of the north-eastern part of Poland. He inspected and described many archaeological sites at the Biebrza River basin and some of them - for example the forthill in Wizna - preserved from destruction. At the same time another archaeologist, Józef Jodkowski, was the director of the Museum in Grodno. He did not lead any researches in the Biebrza River Basin himself but he was an author of an archaeological poll pertaining to this area. After the World War II all archaeological data discovered in the Biebrza River basin were published by a historian, Aleksander Kaminski. He collected information on twenty sites: six forthills, nine cemeteries and barrows in two villages and three sites of other kinds. At the same time archaeologists from Warsaw and Bialystok: Jerzy Antoniewicz and Danuta Jaskanis continued archaeological researches in the Biebrza River basin. George Antoniewicz inspected forthills in Wizna and Pienki Grodzisko. Danuta Jaskanis excavated one of two barrows in the village Okopy. The great increase in the number of new archaeological sites took place in the last three decades of 20th century. They were discovered during surface researche especially those called 'Polish Archaeological Record'. At the some time only a few sites were excavated and none of them were published.

The History of Settlement of the Biebrza Valley in the Iron Age

100%

Karczewski M.

Białostockie Teki Historyczne

2007

issue 5

17-55

During over 150 years of archeological researches in the Biebrza Valley only few sites dated from the Early Iron Age until early historical times were discovered. They were forthills in: Grodzisko, Grodziszczany, Pienki-Grodzisko, Rajgród, Sambory and Wizna. Cemeteries from early and late medieval times and from the early historical times were discovered in: Jacewko, Jedwabne, Jatwiez Mala, Katy, Kokoszki, Kotowo, Okopy, Pienki-Grodzisko, Rostki Male, Rus, Suchowola, Wilamówka and Zabiele. Relicts of settlements as well as sites dated from the Early Iron Age, Roman Period and Great Migration period had been undiscovered until the eighties of XX century, when the Polish Archeological Record began. The sites mentioned above are the source base for reconstruction of settlement and cultural differentiation of the Biebrza Valley in the Early Iron Age, Roman Period and Great Migration Period, medieval and early historical times. The main problem of the Early Iron Age until the beginning of early medieval times is the problem of borderlines between Baltic tribes (Culture of the Westbaltic Barrows, Hatched Pottery Culture, Sudowska Culture and the Prudziszki Phase) and German tribes (Przeworsk Culture and Wielbark Culture). According to the early medieval times, it is also the problem of Baltic-Slaves borderland and the cultural interaction. The medieval and early historical times were periods when the Post-Jatvingan primeval forests (germ. Wildnis) were settled. In this context, very important questions are those referring to the origin of new settlers, the range of settled zone and the possibility of survival of some groups of Jatvingan people. Studies on all those problems require verification and new interpretations of several archeological sources.

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2 Białostockie Teki Historyczne

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1 2006

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The history of archaeological researches on the iron age in Biebrza River basin

The History of Settlement of the Biebrza Valley in the Iron Age