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EN
The article addresses the problem of people who were first executioners and later victims in Vladimir Zazubrin’s micro-novel Sliver. Although it was written in 1923, it wasn’t published until 1989, 52 years after the author’s death. He was arrested and then shot in 1937 in the time of terror. In Sliver, we can see the work of a checklist executioners, who mercilessly murders thousands of people, the victims of a totalitarian state. The article presents an attempt at an interpretation and analysis of Sliver, using the comparison of executioner’s and victim’s attitudes. The main character, Andrei Srubov, does his brutal work very thoroughly. However, everyday contact with his victim’s suffering and blood and the fear that arouses in him cause his madness. The executioner who has been killing class enemies of the Russian revolution becomes in the end its victim.
PL
Wstępy od redaktorów: 10Artykuły naukowe: 180w języku polskim: 140w języku rosyjskim: 37w języku angielskim: 3w tym artykułów:– literaturoznawczych: 67– językoznawczych: 51– glottodydaktycznych: 60– realioznawczych: 2Artykuły jubileuszowe: 4Artykuły wspomnieniowe (w tym kronika żałobna): 15Bibliografie: 2autorzy z polską afiliacją: 139autorzy zagraniczni: 24
PL
 Alfabetyczny indeks autorów artykułów „Rocznika Naukowo-Dydaktycznego” w serii „Filologia Rosyjska” (1964) i „Prace Rusycystyczne” (1967–1999)
EN
In the article, the following types of utopia are described: real and utopian utopias. The former are a projection into the future of such thoughts which have a chance to materialise, become certain reality. The latter are fantasy which has no chance to materialise. In the context of such distinction, the author analyses utopia of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Their utopia, building communism, is realistic. Many of its elements have already been realised. Furtherdevelopment of social existence may however cause thet the utopia of communism will become the utopian utopia, i.e. will transform into fictional fantasy. Why this may happen? The article is an attempt to answer the above question. In my view, the reason for such situation is the fact that both Marx and Engels got stuck in the culture.
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