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VÝSLEDKY Z POVRCHOVÉHO PRIESKUMU NA HORNOM TOKU ŠIROČINY

100%
Gabulová M., Daňová K.
Študijné zvesti
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2015
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issue 57
99 - 110
EN
The surface exploration on the upper stream of the Širočina was carried out as part of the project entitled Centre for the Research into the Oldest History of the Middle Danube River Basin. Its first aim was to verify, or to refine the localisation of the registered discovery sites, and try to search for other ones in the cadastral territories of individual villages. A complex survey of settlements in the area of the watercourse of the Širočina and its tributaries will serve as a basis for the topography of this territory. New sites were surveyed through GPS directly in the terrain, projected to a map and included into overall database of archaeological sources. With regard to the fact that the project as well as the surface prospection itself was limited by time, we explored just the Širočina´s upper stream. A detailed exploration, carried out as part of the project, contributed to the identification of settlement agglomeration in the area of the confluence of the Širočina and the Suchý potok. At the same time, new and so far unregistered sites were discovered (no. 29 – 42), which, together with known discovery sites, complement an overall picture of settlement in the upper stream of the Širočina from prehistory up to the Middle Ages. The explored area belongs to the whole of the Požitavská pahorkatina and thus represents a small part of the territory included in the project. The detailed surface explorations of these smaller units significantly contribute to the composition of an overall mosaic and gradual complementation of an overall picture of the settlement of Slovak highlands during prehistory and middle Ages.
2
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OSÍDLENIE V MIKROREGIÓNE POTOKA JARČ NA STREDNOM (DOLNOM) POVAŽÍ

100%
Daňová K., Gabulová M.
Študijné zvesti
|
2014
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issue 55
183 - 206
EN
Choosing section on the micro-region of the stream basin of Jarč for analysis was motivated with the variability of natural environment elements and density of archaeological sources. Hydrologic criterion of the stream Jarč was the basic element in defining the area. The work process consisted of assembly, supplementations and clarification of available archaeological and geographical information on the micro-region. Subsequent digitizing, vectorization and data analysis was carried out in a GIS environment. The output of the predictive model is a map of potential occurrence of archaeological sites in each area. The predictive model indicates that inhabitants used the same landscape features from the Neolithic up to the Early Middle Ages. Some differences were observed in burial places in the Roman Period centralized on locations with low potential. Probably the other factors than the natural environment played an important role in establishing cemeteries (social, religious, etc.) However, these are hardly recognizable.
3

POHREBISKO NITRIANSKEJ KULTÚRY V ZOHORE

100%
Daňová K., Elschek K.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2014
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vol. 62
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issue 2
267 – 291
EN
In 2009 on the position Piesky in Zohor, dist. Malacky, the cemetery of the Nitra culture was unearthed. It is situated on the sand dune that has been permanently inhabited since the Neolithic. A total of 22 skeletal graves were excavated. Graves in the central part of the cemetery were arranged in a line, in the direction of NE-SW. North and south parts consisted of only few graves. Burial pits had a more or less regular rectangular ground plan with rounded corners, but also oval and elongated shape and trapezoidal ground plan. The largest graves belonged to adults. In two female graves traces of coffins were detected. Graves of boys were oriented in the direction of W-E, one of them in the direction of NE-SW. Women and girls were buried in a crouched position on the left side, while men and boys on the right side. Within the burial rite several particularities have occurred. It is primarily the absence of parts of bodies or whole ske­leton. In one grave lacking a skeleton, beads were found on the bottom of the burial pit. It is remarkable that the absence of parts of bodies or grave disruption is observed only in children´s graves. From the nine identified children´s graves in Zohor, in eight of them skeletons were evidently disrupted, eventually some bones absented. Only in one grave the disrupted body belonged to an adult woman. In connection with disruptions of children´s graves ritual reasons are considered primarily, although it is not excluded that some displacements in a burial pit could have occurred due to activities of animals. Grave inventory represented bone and antler beads, which were placed only in graves of women and girls. Round head ornaments in the shape of a willow leaf were also found only in female graves. At the cemetery a bone awl, chipped stone industry, a semi-finished artefact probably of stone crusher and few pottery shards were also included. To determinate the chronological position of the graves particularly head ornaments in the shape of a willow leaf with a slight central rib contributed. These appear in the burial grounds of the Nitra culture in the earlier stage.
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