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EN
The pro-ethic orientation is an unappreciated quality in human resource management in Polish companies. Its reference points include not only systemic solutions, but also the moral conviction of employees, especially of the managerial staff. The purpose of this communication is a qualitative analysis of moral standards guiding managers in taking decisions regarding dismissals. The research material consists of reports on the part of managers on their ethical dilemmas when faced with the undertaking of difficult staff decisions. Distributive and procedural justice models were utilized in classifying standards. Analysis results prove that ethical positions that represent a 'welfare ethic', the basis of which is an orientation for protecting the basic needs of the worker that are threatened by loss of a job, dominate.
PL
Proetyczna orientacja ZZL wydaje się być jakością niedocenianą w polskich przedsiębiorstwach. Jej punktem odniesienia są nie tylko rozwiązania systemowe, lecz także moralne przekonania kadry kierowniczej. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja wstępnych wyników eksploracyjnych badań jakościowych, przeprowadzonych w ramach tematu badawczego „Etyczne standardy przywództwa organizacyjnego polskich menedżerów i przedsiębiorców”, finansowanego przez Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego. Analizę przeprowadzono na zbiorze 37 wywiadów z menedżerami wyższego szczebla, którzy kierują średnimi i dużymi przedsiębiorstwami w różnych rejonach Polski. Analiza pokazuje bardzo zróżnicowany obraz postaw moralnych polskich menedżerów. Ze względu na postrzeganie przez badanych relacji pomiędzy etyką i zarządzaniem wyróżniono trzy typy postaw: integralizm etyczny, rezydualizm etyczny i amoralizm. Analiza ujawnia także zjawisko krytycznych ocen i negatywnych postaw wobec systemu prawa w gospodarce polskiej.
EN
The pro-ethics orientation seems to be a significantly underestimated quality of the human resource management in Polish companies. Its points of reference are not merely the systemic solutions, but also the moral beliefs of the CEOs. The aim of this article is to present the tentative results of an exploratory qualitative analysis that was conducted within the 'Moral Leadership Standards of Polish Managers and Entrepreneurs' project (financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education). The analysis was based on a sample of interviews with 37 CEOs who manage middle- and large-sized companies located in different regions of Poland. Results show a very diverse picture of the moral attitudes of the Polish CEOs. Based on their perceptions of the ethics and management relationship, the following three types of attitudes were distinguished: 'moral integralism', 'moral residualism', and 'immoralism'. Moreover, the results also point to the critical opinions and negative attitudes of CEOs with respect to legal regulations governing the Polish economy.
PL
Celem artykułu jest prezentacja standardów etycznych, jakimi kierują się w zarządzaniu zasobami ludzkimi kierownicy wyższego szczebla i przedsiębiorcy. Badania zostały zrealizowane w ramach projektu badawczego “Etyczne standardy przywództwa organizacyjnego polskich menedżerów i przedsiębiorców”, finansowanego ze środków na naukę w latach 2008–2010. Analizę wykonano na zbiorze 37 wywiadów z menedżerami wyższego szczebla i 28 wywiadów z przedsiębiorcami, którzy kierują przedsiębiorstwami w różnych rejonach Polski.
EN
The aim of this article is to present the ethical standards followed by CEOs and entrepreneurs. The research was conducted as a part of the 'Moral Leadership Standards of Polish Managers and Entrepreneurs' grant (financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education over the years 2008-2010). The qualitative analysis was based on a sample of interviews with thirty-seven CEOs and twenty-eight entrepreneurs responsible for the management of medium- and large-sized companies located in different regions of Poland. Using NVIVO 8 software, the interviews were coded and analyzed. Ethical standards were reconstructed in terms of three HRM areas-transformational leadership, organizational communication, and team management. Intergroup differences between the standards were identified for CEOs and entrepreneurs. In the case of CEOs, the ideal of transformational leadership was much more firmly rooted and based on a sense of obligation to communicate moral values and ethical standards, as well as on the employee role-modeling of ethical conduct through visible adherence to ethics. Standards of ethical modes of communication were much more evident in the CEO group as compared with entrepreneurs, especially as far as the 'dialogic' way of communication is concerned.
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