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  1. 2 Magyar Nyelv (Hungarian Language)

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  1. 2 Peter M.

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1

ON HUNGARIAN ASPECT - FROM ANOTHER ASPECT

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Peter M.
Magyar Nyelv (Hungarian Language)
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2008
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vol. 104
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issue 1
1-11
EN
Aspect in Hungarian is a functional-semantic category lacking a regularly expressed morphological opposition as its grammatical nucleus. Aspectual meanings are expressed by verbal prefixes, lexical means, word order, and pragmatic factors. Being an intermediate word class, verbal prefixes retain certain traces of their adverbial origin, in particular their possible separation from the verb stem. The specific feature of Hungarian perfectives is that their aspectual meaning, 'the indivisible totality of the action or process', additionally contains an evaluative component corresponding to an actual, socially valid 'ideal norm' of the action. The perfective meaning of prefixed verbs is marked, while verbs with prefixes in postverbal position are unmarked, i.e., they may have either perfective or imperfective meaning. There must be semantic concord between the evaluative seme of the perfective verb and its adverbial adjunct. The verb cannot be used in its marked perfective form if its adjunct or definite object is in focus position, because the prominence of the latter is inconsistent with the view of the action as an undivided whole.
2

VIEWS OF THE PRAGUE SCHOOL OF LINGUISTICS ON SYNCHRONY AND DIACHRONY

100%
Peter M.
Magyar Nyelv (Hungarian Language)
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2006
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vol. 102
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issue 4
400-407
EN
From the very beginning, the PSL did not accept Saussure's strict opposition of the synchronic and diachronic approaches to language. Following the ideas of Baudouin de Courtenay, the Prague scholars extended the structural principle to the historical study of language on the one hand and, on the other hand, they introduced the notion of the 'dynamics of synchrony', i.e., the view of the language system as one containing, besides its stable elements, also remnants of its former state and seeds of a forthcoming state as well. The concept of the language system as a space with an uneven density of elements, structured according to the principle 'Centre - Periphery - Transition' (Danes) greatly contributed to the handling of intermediate linguistic phenomena and problems of linguistic vagueness, and promoted the foundation of the theory of 'functional-semantic categories' (Bondarko).
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