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Ecological Security and Regulation of Utilization of Natural Resources

100%
Pranevičienė B., Meškys L.
Internal Security
|
2014
|
vol. 6(1)
117-128
EN
The article presents the concept of ecological security and it’s relation with the utilization of natural resources. Ecologicalsecurity has become equally important with military security, economic security, political security, and national security. Seriousenvironmental challenges arise on global and local levels, especially created by excessively exploiting natural resources and causingenvironmental risks, therefore, in the regulation of utilization of natural resources ecological security becomes an important issue.The first part of the article presents the essence and importance of ecological security. Ecological security transcend nationalborders, various aspects of the utilization and protection of natural resources are regulated by the international and regionallegal acts. The condition and quality of air, water, land, flora, fauna, etc, do not depend only on one particular State, but onthe Global community. Therefore ecological security issues are regulated on the international level. In the second part of the articlethe review of the international and regional legal regulation that defines the requirements for the utilisation and conservationof natural resources is presented. Declarations of the United Nations provided a framework for development of environmental law,which aims to find the right balance between states’ rights and obligations in the utilization of natural resources. Types of naturalresources and emerging threats for ecological security while utilization of these natural resources are presented in the third partof the article. The main natural resources which utilization is related with ecological security are: oil, gas, water resources, subsoilresources, mineral resources, forest resources, fish stocks, energy resources. The rational use of natural resources means the useof resource making it possible for current and future generations to achieve the common good, but within the permissible limitsof environmental impact.
2

The development of the national security system in Lithuania and contemporary security challenges

100%
Pranevičienė B., Vasiliauskienė V.
Internal Security
|
2016
|
vol. 8(1)
159-176
EN
The article presents the institutional development of the system for the protection of national security in the Republic of Lithuania. The publication reveals the prevailing concepts of national security and describes the notions of national security established in Lithuanian legal regulation. The first view of security is that a traditional policy of security is based on the idea that all the members of society or individual interests are subordinate to the interest of the state. On the other hand, the theory of human security can be defined as giving priority to the security of the individual, and it states that human security is achieved only when basic material needs are met and meaningful participation in the life of the community and human dignity are realised. Further, the development of the institutions securing the national security of Lithuania are described from the period from 1990 when the Republic of Lithuania restored independence until the present time. Additionally, it reveals the existing concept of national security in the Lithuanian Republic, and describes the main threats to Lithuanian national security, dividing these into military, political and socio-economic sectors, and indicates measures taken to combat them. After carrying out an analysis of the Acts forming the national security policy in Lithuania and other related legal Acts it can be concluded that the dominant perception of Lithuanian national security is a broad concept of national security with strong emphasis on human security issues.
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