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1

INTERACTIONAL SYNCHRONY IN HYPNOSIS: IS GLOBAL METHOD RELIABLE?

100%
Biro E., Banyai E.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
|
2007
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vol. 62
|
issue 3
369-394
EN
Interactional synchrony plays so important roles in hypnotic interactions, as in waking ones. Behavioral synchrony has been traditionally studied with the help of microanalytical methods, which methods have been criticized because of their elementarism and because of being time-consuming. The global method (based on the judgments of naive raters) has been worked out for studying behavioral synchrony in waking interactions as an alternative of microanalytical methods. In this study the global method has been adapted for studying the behavioral synchrony in the course of relaxational hypnotic interactions. One minute parts of the video recordings of 26 standard experimental hypnoses have been judged by naive raters as to the level of perceived interactional synchrony. The analysis between the judged and microanalysed data of synchrony revealed the quantity dependence of the reliability and validity of the global judgments. By ascertaining the conditions of reliability and validity the authoresses revealed that the global method of studying behavioral synchrony in hypnotic interactions could be applied only with certain restrictions.
2

SELF-CONTROL IN HYPNOSIS AND A REGRESSIVE TRANSFERENCELIKE ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE HYPNOTIST (Onkontroll hipnozisban es a hipnotizor iranti atteteles viszonyulas)

100%
Katona G., Banyai E.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
|
2009
|
vol. 64
|
issue 3
EN
In the present research the changing of self-control in hypnosis was studied, comparing experiential and behavioral aspects of resistance. In this study the relationship between a regressive, transference-like attitude towards the hypnotist (archaic involvement) and self-control was analysed. In an experiment subjects first participated in a usual group hypnosis with test suggestions, then in another session, in which immediately after arrival, participants were requested to resist the suggestions (that were the same as before) without the hypnotist's awareness of this request. In the course of both hypnosis sessions the passing of the suggestions was scored both by the subjects and by independent observers. The relationship between the archaic involvement measure and the motivation and ability for resistance, the experience of resistance and the involuntariness of hypnotic behavior were measured as well. The results indicate that in a situation of resistance only superficial positive regressive attitude towards the hypnotist is developed; but this situation seems to be favourable for the negative aspects of transference. The deeper the positive archaic involvement (primarily the dependence from the hypnotist and the fear of the hypnotist's negative judgment), the subjects took less effort to resist the suggestions, and they were less able to resist as well. In the meantime, they usually felt that their behavior was involuntary, not directed by themselves. Subjects highly susceptible to hypnosis can be especially inclined to relive their early relationships in relation to the hypnotist so intensively that, neglecting all other aspects, they behave primarily according to the hypnotist's suggestions.
3

SELF-CONTROL IN HYPNOSIS: TO WHAT EXTENT ARE SUGGESTIONS COERCIVE?

100%
Katona G., Banyai E.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
|
2008
|
vol. 63
|
issue 3
EN
The changing of self-control in hypnosis in subjects of different hypnotic susceptibility was studied in our research, comparing experiential and behavioral aspects of resistance. Subjects first participated in a usual group hypnosis with test suggestions, then in another session participants were requested immediately after arrival to resist the suggestions (that were the same as before) without the hypnotist's awareness of this request. During both hypnosis sessions the passing of the suggestions was measured according to the judgments of both the subjects and independent observers. Furthermore, subjects were asked to rate how intentional they felt the resistance, how much effort they had to do, and how involuntary they felt their behaviour. The results showed that people are usually able to resist suggestive effects. The degree of their resistance was higher according to their own judgment than according to the observers' measure. The classical suggestion effect, namely the involuntariness of experiencing suggestions, operates also in a resistance situation, but this involuntariness is not coercive for the majority of the people to pass the suggestions. Significant decrease of self-control in hypnosis could be observed only in a small proportion of the people. Resisting demanded active cognitive effort in most of the cases, especially for hypnotically susceptible subjects. But it seems that not only hypnotic susceptibility plays role in a successful resistance, but the influence of different - cognitive and affective - mediating factors can be presumed. In the present study the effect of motivation is emphasized primarily because our results show that the success of resistance is significantly determined by the subjects' intention to resist. People are often inclined to let the suggestions take an effect on them, when the experiences promise to be interesting or pleasant for them, even when the demand of the environment is to resist.
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