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POHREBISKO Z DOBY POPOLNICOVÝCH POLÍ V ŽITAVANOCH-KŇAŽICIACH

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Kujovský R.

Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)

2018

vol. 66

issue 2

235 – 336

The locality is situated in the southwestern Slovakia, in the cadastre of Žitavany-Kňažice, district Zlaté Moravce, at the foothill of Čertov vrch, which is the part of Pohronský Inovec. An archaeological research of cremation burial ground was realised there from 1979 to 1983. The site was found by field survey. The research was done by two cooperating institutions: Nitra National Museum and the Archaeological Institute. 77 graves were excavated. The burial site belongs to the sphere of Lusatian Urnfield culture, but it has distinct manifestations of Middle-Danube Urnfield culture. The presence of elements of South-eastern Urnfield culture, which occurred sporadically, is also the new information. The grave inventory enables dating of site to the end of the late Bronze Age (HA2) and to the beginning of the final Bronze Age (HB1). The frontier between three big cultural spheres – Lusatian culture at the north, Middle-Danube Urnfield culture at the south and the southwest and Southeastern Urnfield culture at the southeast and the south was present at the territory of Slovakia. The relationships between them are most visible in the southwest Slovakia. Evaluated burial ground, on which elements of all of cultural spheres expressed themselves, enables the examination of their relationship.

NOTES ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE LUSATIAN CULTURE IN SLOVAKIA

100%

Kujovský R.

Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)

2022

vol. 70

issue 1

81 – 104

Thye author provides a brief summary of the historical development of the Lusatian settlement in Slovakia. Following from the published results of archaeological investigations and surveys of settlements and burial grounds of the Lusatian culture, he uses information related to the burial rite, economic background and material expressions of social relations to suggest division of the development of individual stages. In the second part of the article, he specifies the material content of suggested individual stages of historical development using elements typical for the relevant period. The beginnings of the Lusatian settlement have been discussed by experts for decades. Analysing the cultural base from which it was created, the author has come to a conclusion that the origin of the studied culture in Slovakia can be dated back as early as the Middle Bronze Age. He does not doubt the importance of the Tumulus culture in crystallization of the Lusatian culture. However, he points to the fact, that it was only one of the elements in this process in the north of Slovakia. He monitors gradual territorial expansion of the Lusatian culture, its relations to the neighbouring cultures. He deals only marginally with the generally accepted significant status of the Lusatian culture in production of bronze artefacts in its prime period in the Later and Final Bronze ages in Slovakia. For chronological conclusions, he uses the shapes and decorative motifs on pottery more frequently. In his article, the author presents his opinion of gradual extinction of the Lusatian settlement in Slovakia in the Hallstatt period. He deals with the causes of this development and its possible regional results, without an attempt to provide a detailed analysis of its expressions. More exact conclusions regarding development of the Lusatian culture in individual Slovak regions in the Hallstatt period require extensive, mainly field, archaeological investigation.

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2 Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)

2 Kujovský R.

1 2022

1 2018

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POHREBISKO Z DOBY POPOLNICOVÝCH POLÍ V ŽITAVANOCH-KŇAŽICIACH

NOTES ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE LUSATIAN CULTURE IN SLOVAKIA