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Warunki transformacji współczesnego systemu finansowego

100%
Yaremko I., Tyvonchuk O.
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia
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2013
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vol. 47
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issue 4
EN
In the article the modern problems of the world financial system functioning are considered. The basic causes of global financial instability are defined, in particular the separation of capitalization processes of the company from the real basis of social and economic development; discrepancy between financial (corporate) reporting and conditions of functioning of economic systems. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of the development of regulatory instruments that will prevent uncontrolled growth and spread of fictitious capital and creating updated format of financial reporting proper to the characteristics of post-industrial type companies.
PL
Artykuł nawiązuje do ujawnionych przez kryzys finansowy problemów wymuszających istotne zmiany zasad i  metod sprawozdawczości finansowej. W  najbliższej przyszłości wymagana jest modernizacja globalnego systemu finansowego. Podstawą tej modernizacji powinno być opracowanie i przyjęcie międzynarodowych przepisów dotyczących krótkookresowych przepływów kapitału. Ważnym elementem powyższej modernizacji jest rozwój instrumentów regulacyjnych, które mogą uniemożliwić niekontrolowany wzrost i  rozprzestrzenianie fikcyjnego kapitału. Sprawozdawczość finansowa na rynkach kapitałowych, oparta na poddanych kontroli i  sformalizowanych wskaźnikach, powinna być traktowana jako narzędzie ograniczające dalszą wirtualizację kapitału i  hybrydyzację instrumentów finansowych. Autor podkreśla potrzebę doskonalenia finansowego raportowania właściwego dla przedsiębiorstw ery postindustrialnej.
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Accounting for Obsolescence in Providing Company Capital Preservation

81%
Yaremko I., Pylypenko L., Tyvonchuk O.
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia
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2020
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vol. 54
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issue 1
EN
Theoretical background: The dynamic development of modern-day economies causes a rapid obsolescence of economic resources that leads to a reduction in companies’ total capital. Current accounting methodology does not provide clear procedures for relevant measurements and reflections on obsolescence in financial reporting.Purpose of the article: The purpose of the paper is to develop a relevant accounting methodology for objective representation of a company’s assets and capital value in financial reporting as well as preventing the loss of capital due to obsolescence.Research methods: This paper critically reviews the extant literature and international accounting standards. The proposed methodology is based on the concepts of capital maintenance (physical and financial) and the approach of replacement assets value, originally formulated by Schmidt (1921) in their organic balance theory.Main findings: The main result of the paper is substantiated reasonableness of relevant reflection of obsolescence in accounting and financial reporting through a specially created account – reserve for capital stock obsolescence with retained earnings as a main source of its formation. The application of the proposed ex-ante approach ensures the preservation of productive energy of capital and the possibility of its reproduction in a qualitatively new (innovative) technical and technological form.
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